Physical processes associated with movement of maximum wind of Typhoon Rammasun (2014)

Xin QUAN, Xiaofan LI, Guoqing ZHAI

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PDF(5453 KB)
Front. Earth Sci. ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2) : 407-416. DOI: 10.1007/s11707-022-1003-4
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Physical processes associated with movement of maximum wind of Typhoon Rammasun (2014)

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Abstract

In this study, the movement of the maximum wind of Typhoon Rammasun (2014) was measured by the radial movement of the maximum symmetric rotational kinetic energy. The weather research and forecasting (WRF) model was used to simulate Typhoon Rammasun, and validated simulation data for the lower troposphere were analyzed to examine the physical processes responsible for the radial movement of the maximum wind. The radii, where maximum symmetric rotational kinetic energy and its maximum tendency were located, were compared to explain radial movement. The tendency in the lower troposphere is controlled by the flux convergence of symmetric rotational kinetic energy and the conversion from symmetric divergent kinetic energy to symmetric rotational kinetic energy, as well as frictional dissipation in the symmetric rotational kinetic energy budget. The inward movement before rapid intensification (RI) resulted from radial flux convergence; cyclonic circulation develops while moving inward. Stationary maximum symmetric rotational kinetic energy and RI were caused by the conversion, which was observed to be proportional to the symmetric rotational kinetic energy. Landfall increased terrain-induced friction dissipation, which led to outward movement and ended the RI.

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Keywords

typhoon / radial movement of maximum wind / symmetric rotational kinetic energy / rapid intensification / kinetic energy budget / flux convergence / conversion

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Xin QUAN, Xiaofan LI, Guoqing ZHAI. Physical processes associated with movement of maximum wind of Typhoon Rammasun (2014). Front. Earth Sci., 2023, 17(2): 407‒416 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-022-1003-4

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Training Center of Atmospheric Sciences of Zhejiang University and the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions. We also thank Huiyan Xu for deriving kinetic energy equations, Liguang Wu and Huarui Zhao for providing the MWT filter codes, Xinyong Shen for improving the simulation of Typhoon Rammasun, and Liangliang Li and Chi Zhang for valuable discussions. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41930967).

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