Organochlorine pesticide residues in surface water from Sichuan Basin to Aba Prefecture profile, east of the Tibetan Plateau

Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) found in rivers from the Sichuan Basin to Aba Prefecture profile were analyzed to assess possible health risks to adults and children who use the river as a source of drinking water. OCP concentrations in surface water ranged between 22.29–274.28 ng·L⁻¹. Compared with other published data around the world, OCP levels in this study were moderate. Among all OCPs, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) were the predominant compounds. Higher concentrations of OCPs were attributed close to the agricultural fields of the Sichuan Basin, current OCPs inputs, and long-range atmospheric transport from abroad. Various spatial patterns of OCPs in the profile might be affected by the usage and physicochemical properties of the pesticides, in addition to the adjacent geographical environment. The health risk assessment indicated that most OCPs had little impact on human health according to the acceptable risk level for carcinogens (10⁻⁶) recommended by the US EPA. However, carcinogenic effects caused by heptachlor, Aldrin, HCB, and α-HCH might occur in drinking water. The risk of negative impacts caused by OCPs is much higher for children than for adults.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) / surface water / spatial distribution / health risk assessment / Tibetan Plateau

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41073070 and 41103065) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (Nos. CUG110816 and CUG120822). We thank Dr. Feng XU, Xiaohui ZHANG, Jing CHEN, and Yanping KE, China University of Geosciences, for their help in the field. Special thanks are given to Pro. Hongbing ZHAN and Dr. Wei CHEN for their help and comment.

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