A meta-analysis of the canopy light extinction coefficient in terrestrial ecosystems

Abstract

The canopy light extinction coefficient (K) is a key factor in affecting ecosystem carbon, water, and energy processes. However, K is assumed as a constant in most biogeochemical models owing to lack of in-site measurements at diverse terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, by compiling data of K measured at 88 terrestrial ecosystems, we investigated the spatiotemporal variations of this index across main ecosystem types, including grassland, cropland, shrubland, broadleaf forest, and needleleaf forest. Our results indicated that the average K of all biome types during whole growing season was 0.56. However, this value in the peak growing season was 0.49, indicating a certain degree of seasonal variation. In addition, large variations in K exist within and among the plant functional types. Cropland had the highest value of K (0.62), followed by broadleaf forest (0.59), shrubland (0.56), grassland (0.50), and needleleaf forest (0.45). No significant spatial correlation was found between K and the major environmental factors, i.e., mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature , and leaf area index (LAI). Intra-annually, significant negative correlations between K and seasonal changes in LAI were found in the natural ecosystems. In cropland, however, the temporal relationship was site-specific. The ecosystem type specific values of K and its temporal relationship with LAI observed in this study may contribute to improved modeling of global biogeochemical cycles.

Keywords

canopy light extinction coefficient / ecological modeling / biogeochemical model / forest / grassland / cropland / leaf area index

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Acknowledgements

Funding for this study was provided by the National Basic Research Program of China (Nos. 2010CB950902 and 2010CB950603) and the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41301043 and 40971027). The authors thank Dr. Eyal Rotenberg (Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, The Weizmann Institute of Science) for his contribution of the data of LAI and K values for the site of Aleppo pine. We also thank Dr. Warwick Harris (Research Associate, Landcare Research New Zealand), Dr. Qun Guo, Yongchun Zhou, and Dengpan Xiao (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences) for their valuable suggestions for the improvement of the manuscript.

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