Testate amoebae communities from some freshwater and soil habitats in China (Hubei and Shandong Provinces)

Abstract

Seventy-eight species and forms of testate amoebae were identified from 29 freshwater and soil habitats in three territories of China (Shandong and Hubei Provinces). Most abundant species from the genera Plagiopyxis, Centropyxis and Trinema represent the globally-distributed and eurybiont group of testate amoebae. The species richness was observed to be the lowest (7–12 species per biotope) in sandy sediments of the Yangtze River, but considerably higher (20–30 taxa) in soil environment. In the range of terrestrial habitats, the most remote communities from Laoshan Mountain in Shandong Province, China manifested the highest difference from others. On the other hand, communities originated in the most distant from industrial center places (Guifeng Mountain in Hubei Province, China) possess the most peculiar species composition including specific Gondwanian taxa (e.g. Nebela bigibbosa). In sum, the results obtained provide the evidence that the community complexity and specificity reduce in the places located within areas that are highly populated and intensively visited by humans.

Keywords

testate amoebae / soil protists / freshwater protists / China

References

[1] Bobrov A A, Krasilnikov P A (2011). Testate amoebas of pine forests in Mexico. Biol Bull, 38(4): 400-405

[2] Bobrov A A (2001). Findings of tropical group of testate amoebae (Protozoa, Testacea) at the Far East (Sikhote Alin’ Reserve). Biol Bull, 28(4): 401-407

[3] Bobrov A A, Mazei Yu A, Tiunov A V (2010). Testate amoebae of a monsoon tropical forest of South Vietnam. Acta Protozool, 49: 311-325

[4] Chardez D (1965). Ecologie generale des thecamoebiens. Bull Inst Agron Stat Rech Gembloux, 33: 307-341

[5] Foissner W (2006). Biogeography and dispersal of micro-organisms: a review emphasizing protists. Acta Protozool, 45: 111-136

[6] Foissner W, Korganova G A (1995). Redescription of three testate Amoebae (Protozoa, Rhizopoda) from a Caucasian soil: Centropyxis plagiostoma Bonnet & Thomas, Cyclopyxis kahli (Deflandre) and C. intermedia Kufferath. Arch Protistenkd, 146: 13-28

[7] Gong X, Xiao H, Shen Y (1990). Studies on the protozoan fauna of three-gorge area in the YangtzeRiver. Acta Hydrobiol Sinica, 14(4): 289-297 (in Chinese)

[8] Hammer O, Harper D A T, Ryan P D (2001) PAST: Palaeontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol. Electron, 4(1): 1-9

[9] Han D, Hu J (1995). On the Sarcodina and Ciliophora from Yizhen to Chongmin of Yangtze river. Chinese J Zool, 30(2): 2-7 (in Chinese)

[10] Jiang J G, Shen Y F (2007). Development of the microbial communities in Lake Donghu in relation to water quality. Environ Monit Assess, 127(1-3): 227-236

[11] Li H K, Bu Z J, Wang S Z, An Z S, Zhao H Y, Ma Y Y, Chen X (2009). Environmental implications of the modern testate amoebae in the peatlands in Changbai Mountains. Quat Sci, 29(4): 817-824 (in Chinese)

[12] Li J, Li M G, Yang J, Wang C F, Ai Y, Xu R L (2010). The community structure of soil Sarcodina in Baiyun Mountain, Guangzhou, China. Eur J Soil Biol, 46(1): 1-5

[13] Meisterfield R (2000a). Order Arcellinida Kent, 1880. In: The Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Lawrence: Allen Press Inc, 827-860

[14] Meisterfield R (2000b). Testate amoebae with filopodia. In: The Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Lawrence: Allen Press Inc. 1054-1084.

[15] Ning Y Z, Shen Y F (1998a). Soil protozoa in typical zones of China: I. Faunal characteristics and distribution of species. Chinese J Zool, 44(1): 5-10 (in Chinese)

[16] Ning Y Z, Shen Y F (1998b). Soil protozoa in typical zones of China: II. Ecological study. Chinese J Zool, 44(3): 271-276 (in Chinese)

[17] Ning Y Z, Shen Y F (1999). Community structure and its characteristics of soil protozoa in typical zones of China. J Northwest Norm Univ, 35(2): 50-54 (Natural Science) (in Chinese)

[18] Qin Y, Gu Y, Wang Y, Kong L, Xie Sh, Zhou X, Zhu J (2007). Recent Environmental Changes in the Swan Oxbow of the Yangtze River: evidence from Testate Amoebae Records. Geol Sci Technol Information, 26(3): 37-42 (in Chinese)

[19] Qin Y, Xie S, Swindles G, Gu Y, Zhou X (2008). Pentagonia zhangduensis nov. spec., (Lobosea, Arcellinida), a new freshwater species from China. Eur J Protistol, 44(4): 287-290

[20] Qin Y, Booth R K, Gu Y, Wang Y, Xie S (2009).Testate amoebae as indicators of 20th century eutrophication in Lake Zhangdu, China. Fundam. Appl Limnol, 175(1): 29-38

[21] Qin Y, Xie S, Smith H G, Swindles G T, Gu Y (2011). Diversity, distribution and biogeography of testate amoebae in China: implications for ecological studies in Asia. Eur J Protistol, 47(1): 1-9

[22] Qin Y, Xie S (2011). Moss-dwelling testate amoebae and their community in Dajiuhu peatland of Shennongjia Mountains. China. J Freshwater Ecol, 26(1): 3-9

[23] Qiu Y X, Fu C X, Comes H P (2011). Plant molecular phylogeography in China and adjacent regions: tracing the genetic imprints of Quaternary climate and environmental change in the world’s most diverse temperate flora. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 59(1): 225-244

[24] Shen Y F (1983) Protozoa of the Tibetan Plateau. In: Jiang X Z, Shen Y F, Gong X J, eds. Aquatic Invertebrates of the Tibetan Plateau. Beijing: Science Press, 48-100 (in Chinese)

[25] Smith H, Bobrov A, Lara E (2008). Diversity and biogeography of testate amoebae. Biodivers Conserv, 17(2): 329-343

[26] Smith H, Wilkinson D (1987) Biogeography of testate rhizopods in the southern temperate and Antarctic zones. In: Colloque sur les Ecosystemes Terrestres Subantarctiques. Paimont: C.N.F.R.A. 58: 83-96

[27] Udvardy M D F (1975) A classification of the biogeographical provinces of world. In: Prepared as a Contribution to UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme Project No. 8. IUCN Occasional Paper No. 18. International Union for Conservarion of Nature and Natural Resources Morges, Switzerland. 49

[28] Wang J J (1977). Protozoa from some districts of Tibetan Plateau. Acta Zool Sin, 23(2): 131-160 (in Chinese)

[29] Yang J, Feng W, Miao W (2004). A taxonomic catalogue of freshwater and soil testacea in China with a discussion of their faunal similarity. Acta Hydrobiol Sin, 28(4): 426-433 (in Chinese)

[30] Yang J, Meisterfeld R, Zhang W Z, Shen Y F (2005). Difflugia mulanensis nov. spec., a freshwater testate amoeba from Lake Mulan, China. Eur J Protistol, 41(4): 269-276

[31] Yang J, Shen Y F (2005). Morphology, biometry and distribution of Difflugia biwae Kawamura, 1918 (Protozoa: Rhizopoda). Acta Protozool, 44: 103-111

[32] Yang J, Zhang W J, Feng W S, Shen Y F (2006). Geographical distribution of testate amoebae in Tibet and northwestern Yunnan and their relationships with climate. Hydrobiologia, 559(1): 297-304

[33] Zheng J, Hu J, Zhou L, Ma P, Wang X, Wu S (2009). Ecological research of protozoan community in upper reaches of the Yangtze River. J. Hydroecol., 2(2): 88-93 (in Chinese)

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg