Bio-inspired hierarchical bamboo-based air filters for efficient removal of particulate matter and toxic gases

Qi Gao; Jian Gan; Pixiang Wang; Yuxiang Huang; Daihui Zhang; Wenji Yu

doi:10.1002/EXP.20240012

Exploration ›› 2025, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1) : 20240012 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20240012

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Bio-inspired hierarchical bamboo-based air filters for efficient removal of particulate matter and toxic gases

Qi Gao ¹
, Jian Gan ²
, Pixiang Wang ⁴
, Yuxiang Huang ¹^,^†
, Daihui Zhang ²^,³^,^†
, Wenji Yu ¹^,^†

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Abstract

Air pollution is caused by the perilous accumulation of particulate matter (PM) and harmful gas molecules of different sizes. There is an urgent need to develop highly efficient air filtration systems capable of removing particles with a wide size distribution. However, the efficiency of current air filters is compromised by controlling their hierarchical pore size. Inspired by the graded filtration mechanisms in the human respiratory system, microporous ZIF-67 is in situ synthesized on a 3D interconnected network of bamboo cellulose fibers (BCFs) to fabricate a multiscale porous filter with a comprehensive pore size distribution. The macropores between the BCFs, mesopores formed by the BCF microfibers, and micropores within the ZIF-67 synergistically facilitate the removal of particulates of different sizes. The filtration capabilities of PM2.5 and PM0.3 could reach 99.3% and 98.6%, respectively, whereas the adsorption of formaldehyde is 88.7% within 30 min. In addition, the filter exhibits excellent antibacterial properties (99.9%), biodegradability (80.1% degradation after 14 days), thermal stability, and skinfriendly properties (0 irritation). This study may inspire the research of using natural features of renewable resources to design high-performance air-filtration materials for various applications.

Keywords

bamboo cellulose fibers / formaldehyde adsorption / hierarchical air filters / metal—organic frameworks / particulate matter removal

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Qi Gao, Jian Gan, Pixiang Wang, Yuxiang Huang, Daihui Zhang, Wenji Yu. Bio-inspired hierarchical bamboo-based air filters for efficient removal of particulate matter and toxic gases. Exploration, 2025, 5(1): 20240012 DOI:10.1002/EXP.20240012

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