Kawasaki disease with G6PD deficiency: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Objective: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. Aspirin is widely used in KD management, but its use in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is challenging due to the risk of hemolysis. This report discusses the management of KD in a child with G6PD deficiency.

Case presentation: A 2-year-7-month-old girl presented with fever, jaundice, and rash. She developed classic KD symptoms, including conjunctival injection, strawberry tongue, and limb edema, with laboratory findings of elevated inflammatory markers, anemia, and thrombocytosis. Diagnosed with KD, she was treated with IVIG, dipyridamole, and low-dose aspirin to mitigate hemolysis risk. The patient recovered without complications, and follow-up revealed no coronary artery abnormalities.

Conclusions: Low-dose aspirin combined with other antiplatelet agents, such as dipyridamole, may have been safely used in this patient with G6PD deficiency. Individualized treatment strategies are essential, and further research is needed to optimize aspirin use in this population.

Keywords

Kawasaki disease / Early diagnosis

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to extend our special thanks to the patients who participated in this study.

AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS

All authors listed have made a substantial, direct, and intellectual contribution to the work and approved it for publication.

FUNDING

The Hubei Pediatric Alliance Medical Research Project, No. HPAMRP202117.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

INFORMED CONSENT

Obtained.

ETHICS APPROVAL

The Publication Ethics Committee of the Sciedu Press. The journal’s policies adhere to the Core Practices established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

PROVENANCE AND PEER REVIEW

Not commissioned; externally double-blind peer reviewed.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

DATA SHARING STATEMENT

No additional data are available.

OPEN ACCESS

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

COPYRIGHTS

Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s), with first publication rights granted to the journal.

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