Construction of Functional Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Applications in the Biomedical Field

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of porous crystalline materials formed through the coordination-driven self-assembly of metal ions or clusters with organic ligands, have become a subject of extensive research within materials science owing to their distinctive properties, including structural tailorability, high surface area and porosity, diverse functionality, and precise chemical tunability. This review provides a systematic summary of strategies for synthesizing functional MOF materials, encompassing postsynthetic modification, surface coating, host-guest encapsulation, and the construction of core-shell architectures. A particular emphasis is placed on analyzing recent advances in the biomedical applications of MOFs, such as targeted drug delivery, antimicrobial applications, bioimaging, and wound healing. Drawing on the latest scientific developments, this work also addresses key challenges hindering the translation of MOFs, including inherent stability limitations, biosafety concerns, and scalability issues. Furthermore, it outlines promising future research directions, including the development of stimuli-responsive architectures, computational and artificial intelligence-guided discovery, and sustainable synthesis paradigms. By offering a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape and practical potential of MOFs, this review aims to support further scientific investigation and facilitate their industrial adoption.

Keywords

Metal-organic framework (MOF) / Surface functionalization / Biomedical application

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