Ethylenediamine-assisted Co-assembly Strategy: Controllable Synthesis of Nitrogen-rich Doped Hollow Porous Carbon Spheres for Supercapacitors

Abstract

Owing to the unique structural characteristics and heteroatom doping as electrode materials for supercapacitor application, nitrogen-doped hollow porous carbon spheres (N-HPCS) have been extensively studied. However, the synthesis of N-HPCS with high nitrogen contents above 15% (mass fraction) is still a great challenge. Herein, an ethylenediamine-assisted co-assembly strategy is used to control the self-assembly between the 2,6-diaminopyridine-glyoxal Schiff base polymer precursor and the silica template, resulting in high N-content N-HPCS. The N-HPCS renders quantitatively controllable shell thickness (7–40 nm), controllable diameter of cavity (270–620 nm), high and adjustable N content (up to 15.1%, mass fraction), as well as a high ratio of beneficial N species (44.5% pyridine N and 36.7% pyridone/pyrrole N). N-HPCS exhibits excellent properties for supercapacitors with a ratio capacitance of 335 F/g at 0.2 A/g, and almost no attenuation of specific capacitance after 3000 cycles at a current density of 5 A/g, showing excellent cycle stability. The as-synthesized N-HPCS with high surface area, hollow structure and high nitrogen content exhibits broad application prospects as an advanced energy storage material.

Keywords

Co-assembly strategy / Nitrogen-rich doping / Hollow porous carbon sphere / Supercapacitor

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RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Jilin University, The Editorial Department of Chemical Research in Chinese Universities and Springer-Verlag GmbH