Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with SnO2/TiO2 Bilayer Electron Transport Architectures

Jiahao Cheng; Yichen Yang; Lei Wang; Wenjian Shen; Shangwei Huang; Jianlin Xu; Jun Yao; Guijie Liang; Bin Li; Yong Peng; Zaifang Li; Ying Liang; Wangnan Li

doi:10.1007/s40242-025-5124-7

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities ›› :1 -9. DOI: 10.1007/s40242-025-5124-7

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research-article

Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with SnO₂/TiO₂ Bilayer Electron Transport Architectures

Jiahao Cheng ¹^,²
, Yichen Yang ³
, Lei Wang ¹^,²
, Wenjian Shen ²^,⁴^,⁵^,^a
, Shangwei Huang ⁵
, Jianlin Xu ¹^,^b
, Jun Yao ³
, Guijie Liang ²^,⁴
, Bin Li ⁵
, Yong Peng ²^,⁶
, Zaifang Li ⁷
, Ying Liang ²^,⁴
, Wangnan Li ²^,³^,⁵^,^c

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¹ State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, P. R. China

² Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Hubei University of Arts and Science, 441053, Xiangyang, P. R. China

³ , Hubei Aerospace Chemical New Materials Co., Ltd., 441057, Xiangyang, P. R. China

⁴ , Xiangyang Huazhi Technology Co., Ltd., 441138, Xiangyang, P. R. China

⁵ , Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology (Xiangyang Demonstration Zone), 441000, Xiangyang, P. R. China

⁶ State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China

⁷ Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Tandem Photovoltaic Technology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, 314001, Jiaxing, P. R. China

Corresponding author:

^a shenwj@hbuas.edu.cn

^b ggdjlxu@sina.com

^c liwangnan@hbuas.edu.cn

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Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn widespread concern for their high efficiency and facile low-temperature solution fabrication, promising for the alternative low-cost photovoltaic energy. However, commercial deployment requires resolution of persistent stability issues and electrical hysteresis effects in PSCs. We demonstrate planar PSCs configuration using a stacked SnO2/TiO2 electron transport layer, which exhibits a cascadealigned energy level, achieving an efficiency of 23.54% with a reduced hysteresis (index: 0.12) and remarkable stability (>90% efficiency retention beyond fifty days at 25% relative humidity without encapsulation). Photoluminescence and electrical characterizations suggest that the performance enhancement is ascribed to the synergetic optimization from suppressing the defective interface and promoting carrier transfer and blocking. More importantly, detailed transient absorption characterization reveals that the use of stacking n-type materials can decrease the hot-carrier cooling dynamics, improve the carrier transfer, and eliminate nonradiative recombination in PSCs. These results suggest that stacking n-type layers could enable superior overall performances compared to common electron transport layers (TiO₂ and SnO₂), providing facile routes for fabricating efficient PSCs with high stability.

Keywords

Perovskite solar cell / SnO₂/TiO₂ bilayer / Cascade-aligned energy level / Transient absorption

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Jiahao Cheng, Yichen Yang, Lei Wang, Wenjian Shen, Shangwei Huang, Jianlin Xu, Jun Yao, Guijie Liang, Bin Li, Yong Peng, Zaifang Li, Ying Liang, Wangnan Li. Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with SnO₂/TiO₂ Bilayer Electron Transport Architectures. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 1-9 DOI:10.1007/s40242-025-5124-7

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