Multifunctional Liquid Metal Active Material for Wound Repair and Motion Monitoring via Free Radical Polymerization Assembly

Abstract

Bacterial infections and excessive oxidative stress seriously hinder the healing of skin wounds. Traditional wound dressings can only serve as physical barriers and lack active molecules essential for actively promoting wound healing. Herein, an antibacterial and antioxidant liquid metal inorganic active material is developed for wound repair through in situ polymerization of chitosan/acrylic acid precursor solution initiated by tannic acid-coated liquid metal nanoparticles, without extra initiators and ultraviolet (UV) light. The tannic acid component enables the inorganic active material to exhibit antioxidant property, which can remove 90% of free radicals and relieve cellular oxidative stress. The chitosan component endows the inorganic active material with antibacterial property, effectively inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (killing ratio: 90%). In vivo experiment demonstrates that this inorganic active material can promote the healing of Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound, achieving a closure rate of 98.16% on the 9th day. Meanwhile, this inorganic active material exhibits good electrical conductivity, enabling timely and stable monitoring of human joint movements. This work offers a simple strategy for developing multifunctional inorganic active material, which holds great potential for wound repair and motion monitoring.

References

[1] WangC, Shirzaei SaniE, ShihC-D, LimC T, WangJ, ArmstrongD G, GaoW. Nat. Rev. Mater., 2024, 9: 550

[2] ZengQ, QiX, ShiG, ZhangM, HaickH. ACS Nano, 2022, 16: 1708

[3] ZhaoK, LiB, SunY, JiaB, ChenJ, ChengW, ZhaoL, LiJ, WangF, SuJ, SunJ, HanB, LiuY, ZhangH, LiuK. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2023, 33: 2303509

[4] XieM, GaoM, YunY, MalmstenM, RotelloV M, ZborilR, AkhavanO, KraskouskiA, AmalrajJ, CaiX, LuJ, ZhengH, LiR. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 62: e202217345

[5] YanS, XuS, WangY, YouJ, GuoC, WuX. Adv. Healthc. Mater, 2024, 13: 2400884

[6] Wang B., Zhang N., Feng W., Chen S., Zhu X., Shan X., Yuan R., Yuan B., Wang H., Zhou G., Liu J., Sun X., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2024, 2407934.

[7] XuZ, HanS, GuZ, WuJ. Adv. Healthc. Mater., 2020, 9: 1901502

[8] ZhaoH, HuangJ, LiY, LvX, ZhouH, WangH, XuY, WangC, WangJ, LiuZ. Biomaterials, 2020, 258: 120286

[9] WuK, FuM, ZhaoY, GerhardE, LiY, YangJ, GuoJ. Bioact. Mater., 2023, 20: 93

[10] LiY, YuP, WenJ, SunH, WangD, LiuJ, LiJ, ChuH. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2022, 32: 2110720

[11] RoyA, ZenkerS, JainS, AfshariR, OzY, ZhengY, AnnabiN. Adv. Mater., 2024, 36: 2404225

[12] ShenK, LiuZ, XieR, ZhangY, YangY, ZhaoX, ZhangY, YangA, ChengY. Mater. Horizons, 2023, 10: 2096

[13] WangZ, WeiH, HuangY, WeiY, ChenJ. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2023, 52: 2992

[14] ZhuJ, ZhouH, GerhardE M, ZhangS, Parra RodríguezF I, PanT, YangH, LinY, YangJ, ChengH. Bioact. Mater., 2023, 19: 360

[15] QinM, LiuD, DaiZ, MengX, LiuG, LiuH, HuangX, YanX, ChenS. Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2021, 37: 464

[16] DongR, GuoB. Nano Today, 2021, 41: 101290

[17] LiangY, HeJ, GuoB. ACS Nano, 2021, 15: 12687

[18] LiM, LiJ, LiuK, ZhangH. Bioorg. Chem., 2024, 144: 107162

[19] ZhangX, LiJ, MaC, ZhangH, LiuK. Acc. Chem. Res., 2023, 56: 2664

[20] WangX, ChangJ, WuC. Appl. Mater. Today, 2018, 11: 308

[21] XuD, FengY, SongM, ZhongX, LiJ, ZhuZ, WangJ. Chem. Eng. J., 2024, 496: 153748

[22] CaoH, ZhuJ, ZhangJ, YangL, GuoX, TianR, WuH, LiY, GuZ. Chem. Mater., 2023, 35: 2191

[23] YuanJ, WangS, YangJ, SchneiderK H, XieM, ChenY, ZhengZ, WangX, ZhaoZ, YuJ, LiG, KaplanDL. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2024, 266: 130989

[24] YangP, LuY, GouW, QinY, TanJ, LuoG, ZhangQ. Adv. Sci., 2024, 11: 2305918

[25] WangZ, GuX, LiB, LiJ, WangF, SunJ, ZhangH, LiuK, GuoW. Adv. Mater., 2022, 34: 2204590

[26] LiM, LiuB, XuW, ZhaoL, WangZ, HeH, LiJ, WangF, MaC, LiuK, ZhangH. Engineering, 2023, 31: 76

[27] ChenJ, ShiW, RenY, ZhaoK, LiuY, JiaB, ZhaoL, LiM, LiuY, SuJ, MaC, WangF, SunJ, TianY, LiJ, ZhangH, LiuK. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 62: e202304483

[28] WeiZ, SunJ, LuS, LiuY, WangB, ZhaoL, WangZ, LiuK, LiJ, SuJ, WangF, ZhangH, YangY. Adv. Mater., 2022, 34: 2110062

[29] ZhangP, SunJ, LiJ, ZhangH, LiuK. ACS Chem. Biol., 2023, 18: 1460

[30] LiJ, MaC, ZhangH, LiuK. Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2023, 39: 92

[31] YangY, HeG, PanZ, ZhangK, XianY, ZhuZ, HongY, ZhangC, WuD. Adv. Mater., 2024, 36: 2404811

[32] YuY, LiP, ZhuC, NingN, ZhangS, VancsoG J. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2019, 29: 1904402

[33] ZhouX, ZhouQ, ChenQ, MaY, WangZ, LuoL, DingQ, LiH, TangS. ACS Biomater Sci. Eng., 2023, 9: 437

[34] ChenC, YangX, LiS, ZhangC, MaY, MaY, GaoP, GaoS, HuangX. Green Chem., 2021, 23: 1794

[35] GuoS, RenY, ChangR, HeY, ZhangD, GuanF, YaoM. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter., 2022, 14: 34455

[36] YangZ, LiuX, ZhaoF, YaoM, LinZ, YangZ, LiuC, LiuY, ChenX, DuC. Biomaterials, 2022, 283: 121438

[37] ChenM, WinstonDD, WangM, NiuW, ChengW, GuoY, WangY, LuoM, XieC, LengT, QuX, LeiB. Mater. Today, 2022, 53: 27

[38] FanC, XuQ, HaoR, WangC, QueY, ChenY, YangC, ChangJ. Biomaterials, 2022, 287: 121652

[39] KeX, DongZ, TangS, ChuW, ZhengX, ZhenL, ChenX, DingC, LuoJ, LiJ. Biomater. Sci., 2020, 8: 4346

[40] ChenF, LiuX, GeX, WangY, ZhaoZ, ZhangX, ChenG Q, SunY. Chem. Eng. J., 2023, 451: 138899

[41] MaJ, WuC. Exploration, 2022, 2: 20210083

[42] ZhongY, XiaoH, SeidiF, JinY. Biomacromolecules, 2020, 21: 2983

[43] XuZ, ZhangC, WangX, LiuD. ACS Appl. Bio. Mater., 2021, 4: 3985

[44] FuC, FanY, LiuG, LiW, MaJ, XiaoJ. Chem. Eng. J., 2024, 480: 148288

[45] LiJ, WangY, FanL, WangX, ShangL, ZhangH, ZhaoY. Chem. Eng. J., 2024, 496: 153805

[46] TruongV K, HaylesA, BrightR, LuuT Q, DickeyM D, Kalantar-ZadehK, VasilevK. ACS Nano, 2023, 17: 14406

[47] LiJ, ZhaoX, LiuJ. Matter, 2024, 7: 2033

[48] TangR, ZhangC, LiuB, JiangC, WangL, ZhangX, HuangQ, LiuJ, LiL. Biosens. Bioelectron., 2022, 216: 114600

[49] YanJ, WangJ, WangX, PanD, SuC, WangJ, WangM, XiongJ, ChenY, WangL, XuY, ChenC, YangM, GuZ. Adv. Mater., 2023, 36: 2307817

[50] YeY, JiangF. Nano Energy, 2022, 99: 107374

[51] MaJ, LinY, KimY-W, KoY, KimJ, OhK H, SunJ-Y, GormanC B, VoinovM A, SmirnovA I, GenzerJ, DickeyM D. ACS Macro Lett., 2019, 8: 1522

[52] WangM, LaiZ, JinX, SunT, LiuH, QiH. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2021, 31: 202101957

[53] LiX, LiM, ShouQ, ZhouL, GeA, PeiD, LiC. Adv. Mater., 2020, 32: 2003553

[54] TangL, YangS, ZhangK, JiangX. Adv. Sci., 2022, 9: 2202043

[55] XuY, SuY, XuX, ArendsB, ZhaoG, AckermanD N, HuangH, ReidS P, SantarpiaJ L, KimC, ChenZ, MahmoudS, LingY, BrownA, ChenQ, HuangG, XieJ, YanZ. Sci. Adv., 2023, 9: eadf0575

[56] RahimM A, CenturionF, HanJ, AbbasiR, MayyasM, SunJ, ChristoeM J, EsrafilzadehD, AlliouxF, GhasemianM B, YangJ, TangJ, DaenekeT, MettuS, ZhangJ, UddinM H, JaliliR, Kalantar-ZadehK. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2021, 31: 2007336

[57] ZhouL, LiY, XiaoJ, ChenS-W, TuQ, YuanM-S, WangJ. Anal. Chem., 2023, 95: 3811

[58] RahmaniP, ShojaeiA, SakorikarT, WangM, Mendoza-ApodacaY, DickeyM D. ACS Nano, 2024, 18: 8038

[59] BianS, HaoL, QiuX, WuJ, ChangH, KuangG M, ZhangS, HuX, DaiY, ZhouZ, HuangF, LiuC, ZouX, LiuW, LuW W, PanH, ZhaoX. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2022, 32: 2207741

[60] LiuX, SunY, WangJ, KangY, WangZ, CaoW, YeJ, GaoC. Bioact. Mater., 2024, 34: 269

[61] ChengX, ZhangZ, RenH, ZouZ, ZhangY, QuY, ChenX, ZhaoJ, HeC. Natl. Sci. Rev., 2024, 11: nwae160

[62] LiangY, LiZ, HuangY, YuR, GuoB. ACS Nano, 2021, 15: 7078

[63] ShuX, ShuJ, WangY, DengH, ZhangJ, HeJ, WuF. Chem. Eng. J., 2023, 474: 145941