Multiple Responsive Photonic Prints Through Localized Interpenetrating Polymer Network

Abstract

Multiple responsive photonic prints that can be revealed by a thermal or light stimulus are prepared by locally producing interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) within photonic hydrogels. Thermo-responsive poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) photonic hydrogels with self-assembled monodisperse carbon-encapsulated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄@C NPs) are first prepared by a photopolymerization process. Then photopolymerization of acrylamide (AM) is carried out within the photonic hydrogel with the help of a mask to generate an IPN structure locally. Because of the regionally different network structure and the resulting varied responsiveness, responsive photonic prints are obtained. Due to the thermo-responsive capability of the PNIPAM and the photothermal conversion capability of the incorporated Fe₃O₄@C NPs, the as-prepared photonic prints with a localized IPN structure can shift the structural color in a broad spectrum range under thermal or light stimuli. The current multiple responsive photonic prints with a localized IPN structure can realize full-color pattern display under thermal and light stimulations, providing a new path for anti-counterfeiting, display, and information encoding.

Keywords

Photonic crystal / Photothermal / Hydrogel / Patterning / Stimuli-responsive

References

[1] Joannopoulos J D, Villeneuve P R, Fan S H. Nature, 1997, 386: 143.

[2] Li M M, Tan H Y, Jia L Z, Zhong R, Peng B L, Zhou J C, Xu J P, Xiong B J, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2020, 30: 2000008.

[3] Marlow F, Muldarisnur, Sharifi P, Brinkmann R, Mendive C. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2009, 48: 6212.

[4] Li M M, Lyu Q Q, Peng B L, Chen X D, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. Adv. Mater., 2022, 34: 2110488.

[5] Ren P, Chen X D, Sun L T, Lyu Q Q, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14: 50190.

[6] Ye S Y, Fu Q Q, Ge J P. Adv. Funct.Mater., 2014, 24: 6430.

[7] Jia L Z, Li M M, Jiang L X, Gao H Q, Tan H Y, Peng B L, Xu J P, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. J. Mater. Chem. C, 2020, 8: 9286.

[8] Lyu Q Q, Wang S Z, Peng B L, Chen X D, Du S, Li M M, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. Small, 2021, 17: 2103271.

[9] Lee S Y, Kim S H, Hwang H, Sim J Y, Yang S M. Adv. Mater., 2014, 26: 2391.

[10] Xie G, Du S, Huang Q Y, Mo M, Gao Y J, Li M M, Tao J, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14: 5856.

[11] Li L, Wen Z B, Li D, Xu Z Y, Shi L Y, Yang K K, Wang Y Z. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15: 21425.

[12] Qin M, Sun M, Bai R B, Mao Y Q, Qian X S, Sikka D, Zhao Y, Qi H J, Suo Z G, He X M. Adv. Mater., 2018, 30: 1800468.

[13] Yang Y, Kim H, Xu J P, Hwang M S, Tian D, Wang K, Zhang L B, Liao Y G, Park H G, Yi G R, Xie X L, Zhu J T. Adv. Mater., 2018, 30: 1707344.

[14] Burgess I B, Mishchenko L, Hatton B D, Kolle M, Loncar M, Aizenberg J. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133: 12430.

[15] Ye S Y, Ge J P. J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3: 8097.

[16] Ahn Y, Kim E, Hyon J, Kang C, Kang Y. Adv. Mater., 2012, 24: 127.

[17] Jia X, Zhang T, Wang J, Wang K, Tan H, Hu Y, Zhang L, Zhu J. Langmuir, 2018, 34: 3987.

[18] Li M M, Li Z W, Lyu Q Q, Peng B L, Zhong R, Zhao M R, Xiong B J, Yi G R, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. Macromolecules, 2022, 55: 8345.

[19] Gao Y J, Chen Y, Li M M, Jia L Z, Zhang L B, Zhu J T. Sensor. Actuat. B: Chem., 2021, 329: 129137.

[20] Wang H, Sun Y B, Chen Q W, Yu Y F, Cheng K. Dalton Trans., 2010, 39: 9565.

[21] Takeoka Y, Watanabe M. Langmuir, 2003, 19: 9104.

[22] Oliveira J R, Martins M C L, Mafra L, Gomes P. Carbohydr. Polym., 2012, 87: 240.

[23] Lutz J F, Akdemir O, Hoth A. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 200, 128: 13046.

[24] Rey M, Hou X A, Tang J S J, Vogel N. Soft Matter, 2017, 13: 8717.

[25] Dunn A W, Ehsan S M, Mast D, Pauletti G M, Xu H, Zhang J, Ewing R C, Shi D. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2015, 46: 97.

[26] Chu M, Shao Y, Peng J, Dai X, Li H, Wu Q, Shi D. Biomaterials, 2013, 34: 4078.