Ni-W Catalysts Supported on Mesoporous SBA-15: Trace W Steering CO₂ Methanation

Abstract

A series of Ni-W catalysts supported on mesoporous SBA-15 with different Ni:W ratios(Ni _xW/SBA-15, Ni-5%, x=1, 10, 50) was prepared and fully characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD), Brunner-Emmet-Teller(BET), transmission electronic microscopy(TEM), H₂-temperature programmed reduction(H₂-TPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). High-resolution TEM images, XPS measurements, H₂-TPR experiments coupled with PXRD results determined the evolution of Ni and W species. It is found that a trace amount of W from H₂WO₄ can significantly improve Ni dispersion on SBA-15 (Ni₅₀W/SBA-15) with Ni⁰ and non-stoichiometric WO _x species as small as ca. 3.6 nm. The prepared Ni _xW/SBA-15 was utilized for CO₂ hydrogenation, which showed that a higher W content restrained the CO₂ hydrogenation while a lower W ratio promoted both conversion rate and selectivity for methane compared with Ni/SBA-15. The Ni₅₀W/SBA-15 catalyst showed the best performance with a 93.3% CO₂ conversion rate and 99.7% selectivity for methane at 400 ^oC under 0.1 MPa and maintained ca. 97% initial performance for 24 h. Tracking product evolution experiments by in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectrascopy(FTIR) indicated that a small amount of W can modify the surface of Ni particles by geometric coverage and electronic modification, which facilitates the adsorption of the CO intermedia and results in the formation of CH₄. This work provides a new clue to fabricating efficient CO₂ conversion bimetallic materials.

Keywords

Ni-W catalyst / SBA-15 / CO₂ reduction / Methanation

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