Sorbent concentration effect on adsorption of methyl orange on chitosan beads in aqueous solutions

Abstract

The adsorption of methyl orange(MO) on chitosan(CS) beads in aqueous solutions was investigated by a batch equilibration technique. Special emphasis was focused on the effect of sorbent concentration(c _s) on the adsorption equilibration of MO on CS beads. An obvious c _s-effect was observed in the adsorption equilibration, i.e., the adsorption amount(Γ) was declined with c _s increase. The classical Langmuir model adequately described the adsorption isotherm for each given c _s. However, it could not be used to predict the c _s-effect observed. The applicability of the Langmuir-SCA isotherm, a surface component activity(SCA) model equation, to fit the c _s-effect data was examined. In the SCA model, the activity coefficient of sorbent surface sites, $f_{H_2 O}^s $, was assumed to be a function of c _s due to the deviation of a real adsorption system from an ideal one, arisen from sorbent particle-particle interactions in real systems. The results show that the Langmuir-SCA isotherm could accurately describe the c _s-effect observed under the studied conditions. Furthermore, the effects of temperature(t), pH, and electrolyte(NaNO₃) concentration($c_{NaNO_3 } $) on $f_{H_2 O}^s $ were examined. The results show that $f_{H_2 O}^s $ clearly decreased with increasing t(20–35 °C) and pH(5–8), but no obvious change in $f_{H_2 O}^s $ was observed as $c_{NaNO_3 } $ varied in a range 0.001–0.010 mol/L. These results give a better understanding of the c _s-effect.

Keywords

Chitosan / Methyl orange / Adsorption / Sorbent concentration effect / Adsorption site activity coefficient

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