Rhodamine 6G-based chemosensor for the visual detection of Cu²⁺ and fluorescent detection of Hg²⁺ in water

Abstract

A novel water soluble chemosensor 1 based on rhodamine 6G spirolactam scaffold has been synthesized and characterized. Upon addition of a wide range of the environmentally and biologically relevant metal ions, chemosensor 1 shows a colorimetric selective Cu²⁺ recognition from colorless to pink confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectral changes, while it also exhibits a fluorometric selective Hg²⁺ recognition by fluorescence spectrometry. An absorption enhancement factor over 17-fold with 1-Cu²⁺ complex and a fluorescent enhancement factor over 45-fold with 1-Hg²⁺ complex were observed. Their recognition mechanisms were assumed to be a 1:1 stoichiometry for 1-Cu²⁺ complex and a 1:2 stoichiometry for 1-Hg²⁺ complex, respectively, which were proposed to be different ligation leading to the ring-opening of rhodamine 6G spirolactam. Furthermore, the detection limits for Cu²⁺ or Hg²⁺ were 3.3×10⁻⁸ or 1.7×10⁻⁷ mol/L, respectively.

Keywords

Rhodamine 6G / Chemosensor / Cu²⁺ / Hg²⁺

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