Cascade-Catalytic MXene-AuPt Nanozyme for Photothermal-Chemodynamic Therapy and Dual-Mode Imaging of Breast Cancer

Abstract

The efficacy of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is limited by low endogenous H₂O₂ levels, and monotherapy often fails to achieve complete tumor eradication. To overcome these challenges, we constructed a multifunctional nanoplatform named Ti₃C₂T_x@AuPt-FA (MAPF). The key innovation of this work lies in a self-supplementing cascade catalytic cycle. Au/Pt nanozymes provided H₂O₂ to generate ·OH by continuously consuming glucose, thus enhancing CDT. Photothermal therapy could synergistically enhance the effect of CDT. The MAPF platform exhibited high catalytic activity and efficient photothermal conversion (η = 52.8%). It potently induced apoptosis in 4T1 cells in vitro and achieved efficient tumor ablation in vivo. Moreover, MAPF enabled prolonged tumor retention and permitted real-time monitoring via computed tomography (CT) and infrared thermal (IRT) imaging. Safety evaluations confirmed that the platform possessed excellent biocompatibility with no significant systemic toxicity. This work provides a typical self-sustaining nanoplatform that addresses the fundamental limitations of CDT, offering a powerful theranostic strategy with high translational potential for precise breast cancer treatment.

Keywords

Ti₃C₂T_x MXene / Nanozymes / Enzyme cascade / Targeted uptake / Peroxidase-like activity / Photothermal therapy / Catalytic therapy / Tomography imaging / Apoptosis / 2D materials / Cancer treatment

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2025 SIOC, CAS, Shanghai, & WILEY-VCH GmbH