Synthesis and Properties of Naphtho-fused Fluorenyl Radical

Dan Shi , Xiaoqi Tian , Shuai Wu , Yanxia Huang , Jindong Xu , Ziang Zhai , Lili Xie , Yuanming Li , Zhe Sun

Chinese Journal of Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5) : 531 -535.

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5) : 531 -535. DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202401057
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Synthesis and Properties of Naphtho-fused Fluorenyl Radical

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Abstract

Open-shell graphene fragments (OGFs) with non-benzenoid topologies are attracting increasing attention due to their potential applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic radical conductors. Herein, we report the synthesis of an air-stable fluorenyl radical derivative ( AR1) containing a seven-membered ring, achieving thermodynamic stabilization through the fusion of a naphthalene ring around its periphery and anthracene substituent. The half-life times ( τ 1/2) of  AR1 in air-saturated solution is 71.9 h. The high stability was ascribed to kinetic blocking of reactive sites with high spin densities. The geometric and electronic structures of  AR1 were systematically studied by combining various experimental methods and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which include X-ray crystallographic analysis, electron spin resonance (ESR), cyclic voltammetry, and UV-vis-NIR measurements.

Keywords

Stable radical / Fluorenyl radical / Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon / Azulene / Bis-periazulene

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Dan Shi, Xiaoqi Tian, Shuai Wu, Yanxia Huang, Jindong Xu, Ziang Zhai, Lili Xie, Yuanming Li, Zhe Sun. Synthesis and Properties of Naphtho-fused Fluorenyl Radical. Chinese Journal of Chemistry, 2025, 43(5): 531-535 DOI:10.1002/cjoc.202401057

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