Basic Path and System Construction of Green and Low-Carbon Agricultural Development with Respect to the Strategic Target of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality

Abstract

The Dual Carbon strategy, which is aimed at achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, is one of China’s major strategies in the coming period. Agriculture is both an important source of greenhouse gas and a huge carbon sink system. To promote the Dual Carbon strategy, it is crucial for China to lay emphasis on green and low-carbon agricultural development. To achieve carbon peaking, agricultural carbon reduction and sequestration are significant means and have great potential. This paper firstly reviews the current situation of green and lowcarbon agricultural development. At present, the total agricultural carbon emissions in China are approaching the peak smoothly, and the proportion of carbon emissions generated by the use of such modern agricultural inputs as fertilizer and on-farm energy increases. Meanwhile, the operation of agricultural ecosystems in China demonstrates the strong capacity to absorb carbon. Then, the paper analyzes the main problems existing in green and low-carbon agricultural development, including excessive agricultural inputs and excessive consumption of fossil energy, the low utilization rate of agricultural resources, insufficient technical reserves for green and low-carbon agricultural development, and a weak supporting system. In the next part, the paper elaborates on the basic path and measures to realize green and low-carbon agricultural development, such as strengthening the conservation of agricultural resources and improving the efficiency of resource utilization; enhancing the comprehensive treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution, realizing the reduction and efficiency of fertilizer and pesticide, resource utilization of agricultural wastes, and effective control of white agricultural pollution; cultivating, expanding and strengthening green and low-carbon agricultural industries, and greening the whole industrial chain of agricultural products from production, processing to circulation; increasing scientific and technological innovation and building a scientific and technological support systems for green and low-carbon agricultural development. Finally, an institutional system to promote green and low-carbon agricultural development is constructed from the aspects of fiscal and taxation system, financial system, land management system, value realization mechanism of ecological products, and constraint and incentive mechanism, etc. This study provides a scientific basis for the further formulation of green and lowcarbon agricultural development policies and measures and relevant research.

Keywords

carbon peaking / carbon neutrality / green and low-carbon agricultural development / basic path / system construction

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2023 Higher Education Press