Cancer has emerged as the second leading cause of death worldwide, posing a significant challenge to public health. Despite the rapid advancement in medicine and the ongoing improvement in treatment methods, tumor recurrence and metastasis persist as crucial factors contributing to poor prognosis, morbidity and death in cancer patients (Christofori
2006). More than 90% of cancer-related deaths are attributed to distant metastasis (Chaffer and Weinberg
2011). Tumor metastasis, a complex multi-step process, hinges on the characteristic changes in tumor cell phenotypes, accompanied by genetic and epigenetic alterations in the tumor cell. However, the genes that govern tumor metastasis, especially in melanoma, largely remain elusive (Turajlic and Swanton
2016). Therefore, exploring new and effective factors that regulate tumor metastasis is urgently needed.