Sensitive 0D-1D Piezoelectric Perceptron Enable Machine Tactile for 3D Recognition

Abstract

To overcome the limitations of conventional three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction methods in capturing detailed morphology and achieving rapid response, this study proposes a dimensionally hybridized zero-dimensional-one-dimensional (0D-1D) architecture inspired by Hertzian contact mechanics. Through finite element analysis, we identified that the 0D-1D contact mode achieves an optimal balance between stress concentration and distribution, with a moderate peak stress of 246.7 Pa, in contrast to the high-but-localized stress in 1D-1D and the overly dissipated stress in 0D-0D contacts. Guided by this insight, 0D Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microspheres are strategically deposited via electrospray onto both sides of an electrospun 1D PVDF nanofiber network. This hierarchical structure promotes efficient stress transfer, enhances dipole alignment, and improves charge generation efficiency, resulting in a 122.6% increase in pressure sensitivity, a broad sensing range (3-510 kPa), and exceptional cyclic stability, which retained 96.6% after 10000 cycles. Integrated with an artificial neural network, the sensor achieves 90.5% accuracy in classifying sliding trajectories, 99.3% accuracy in real-time 3D contour recognition, and 100% accuracy in 3D contour reconstruction. These results underscore its strong potential for advanced applications in intelligent robotics, wearable electronics, and human-machine interfaces.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

Polyvinylidene fluoride / Piezoelectric device / Machine learning / Tactile trajectory / Contour identification

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271241)

Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(JQ22004)

Project of Uranium Extraction from Seawater(HNKF202216 (36))

Scientific Research Fund of the Education Department of Yunnan Province(2024Y041)

Science and Technology Project for Key Industries Supported by Universities in Yunnan Province: Doctoral Student Industry-Oriented Research Innovation and Training Program(FWCY-BSPY2024022)

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Donghua University, Shanghai, China