The prophetic words of Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov that the future belongs to preventive medicine are becoming a reality, as evidenced by the WHO strategy "Health for All by 2000" and the concept of primary health care for the population.

Labour conditions of workers of the book-stiching shop with the following estimation of physiologic changes in their organism under the influence of work in dynamics of shift are studied, their morbidity with temporary disability is analyzed. Performance of hard work in workers of the book-stitching shop is accompanied by pronounced changes of functional indices of cardiovascular system and high general morbidity with temporary disability.

The prevalence of cardiovascular pathology among drivers of motor transport in age aspect taking into account freitage specificity is analyzed. The results obtained make it possible to refer drivers of trucks aged 40 to 50 to the group of increased risk of cardiovascular pathology development. The use of donozologic diagnosis methods in giving employment allows to perform timely elimination of persons with primordially low functional reserves and adaptational potential of cardiovascular system.

Carcinogenic and mutagenous effects of the influence of industrial environment of the felt enterprise are studied. It is established that labour activity at the diven enterprise is connected with the influence of carcinogenic and mutagenous effects. Working zone air in shops of the enterprise possesses genotoxic properties. Disorders of reproductive health in women working there cause mortinatality, in particular, placenta pathology. Incidence of oncologic diseases among workers of the felt enterprise tends to increase.

It is established that from 1993 in Tatarstan Republic the decrease of professional morbidity is found. A large share in the structure of professional diseases belongs to neurosensory hypoacusis and vibratory disease. Growth of the number of acute professional poisonings is noted. Each fifth professional disease is diagnosed in the pronounced stage and requires rational job placement of a patient.

The peculiarities of the course of professional diseases of respiratory organs depending on a living place of workers after stopping contact with dust are analyzed. Persons subjected to the action of industrial aerosols and living in the provinces fall ill with pneumoconioses earlier than persons living in the capital of the Republic. The following course of pneumoconioses is also less favourable because of early addition of complications: chronic bronchitis and tuberculosis. The recommendation of the life observation of the state and health of workers having contact with highly fibrogenous dust is justified.

Pathomorphologic and histochemical studies of organs of rats subjected to chronic destroy by ammonium paramolibdate and sodium tungstate and their mixture are performed. Significant disorders in rats which inhale these agents in the concentration of 4,09, 0,51 mg/m3 and 1,05 mg/m3, respectively, are revealed.

The role of factors of work premises in the origin of functional changes in persons working with videodisplay terminals is studied. It is established that in premises with videodisplay terminals the increased air temperature, low relative humidity, disorders of aeroion balance, large overfalls of brightness in the field of vision are registered as well as incompatibility of work place parameters and anthropometric sizes of workers. The role of microclimate of premises and aeroion composition of air in the development of functional disorders of vegetative regulation of cardiovascular system as well as fatigue of oculomotor apparatus is proved.

The effect of production of low-gravity oil and natural bitumen on the state of atmospheric air is studied. At the territory of intensive production of low-gravity oil and natural bitumen the factors of the effect connected with impact sources of air pollution are revealed. The sanitary and hygienic recommendations and measures on improving atmospheric air and strengthening health of population are developed.

The unfavourable effect of factors of environment on psychoemotional sphere of younger schoolchildren is studied. Their negative effect is manifested in worsening indices of intellectually mnestic activity in girls and in true increase of uneasiness level in boys. On the basis of analysis of the results abtained and their statistical processing the sanitary and hygienic recommendations significant part of which is realized in practice are formulated.

The hygienic estimation of food value of katyk is carried out. Katyk is recommended as an important source of basic nutrients. Cultured-milk products are characterized as products having sufficiently high food value in good organoleptic indices.

The indices of fertility of. women of fertile age living in urban and rural regions of Tatarstan Republic for the last 15 years are analyzed. The obvious “rejuvenation” of reproductive and demographic processes is revealed. The necessity to take extreme measures on protection of reproductive health of teenagers is noted.

The dependence of the initiation of pregnancy and birth pathology on social, economic and hygienic factors is established. Using the three-factor dispersion analysis of qualitative signs the factors playing the leading part in the initiation of complications during pregnancy and in birth are revealed. The factors of industrial environment, and social and economic trouble are in the first group, the anatomic and physiologic peculiarities of young organism and bad social conditions are in the second group.

The definite results are reviewed and prospects of the following development of the manager preparation system in the Kazan State Medical University are outlined. It is noted that professionalism of graduating students of the department in solving management problems not only increases the efficiency of managenent in the field but creates the basis for more health protection of population.

The complex methods of determining basic tendencies in the nature of reproductive behaviour of population according to social and hygienic, psychologic and medicoorganizing positions are presented. Using these methods it is possible to study the problem and its separate aspects at various levels of health protection management (region, city, republic). The methods are intended for independent research by forces of interested institutions and organizations.

Tension of antidi phtheria immunity among uninoculated persons in various indicatory groups of population of Tatarstan Republic in the presence of epidemic process intensification is studied. It is revealed that in 44,5—76,5% of uninoculated inhabitants in various indicatory groups and classes of population the titers were lower than protective. Taking into account a large percent of unprotected persons and absence of financial and material possibilities of determining the immunity level before inoculation the practice of performing thrice-repeated inoculation of adults older than 30 is justified.

The retrospective analysis of the sickness rate of pseodotuberculosis and iersiniosis in Kazan for 1989— 1998 years is carried out. It is established that in structure of diseases iersiniosis prevails over pseudotuberculosis. Within the next years the tendency to increase of the sickness rate of iersiniosis remains in Kazan. It is noted that only each hundredth case of pseudotuberculosis and iersiniosis is revealed.

Three variants of semisynthetic nutrient mediums from which the most effective one is the variant with donor blood hydrolysate are developed at the microbiology department of the Kazan State Medical University. By its efficiency these nutrient mediums compare well with the Bordet-Gengou medium and can be recommended for eduction of pertussis pathogene.

Mucoviscidosis was diagnosed in 92 children in various hospitals of Saratov and in 50 of them this diagnosis proved to be wrong. Diagnostic errors more often take place because of deficient knowledge of diagnosis peculiarities, clinical picture and mucoviscidosis course. It is established that to diagnose mucoviscidosis it is necessary to take into account not only typical clinical data (combination of respiratory and enteric syndromes) but paraclinical indices including in dynamic observation (emphysema, strengthening of pulmonary picture, especially diffuse pneumosclerosis in X-ray examination, the presence of neutral fat in stool, decrease of pancreas sizes). Verification tests for the diagnosis are: repeatedly positive sweat test as well as detection of one or other mutation in mucoviscidosis gene.

It is shown that corneal dystrophy is accompanied by goblet cell degeneration of the conjnctival epithelium. Histopathology is found to be potentially a primary marker of the corneal dystrophy. Examination of the mucoconjunctival fold is obligatory for the correction of dystrophy treatment, prognosis and early diagnosis of the corneal degenerative changes.

Genome state and methods of its correction in patients with chronic osteomyelitis are studied. The importa components in complex treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of long tubular bones are intraosteal injection of antiseptics, laser radiation of low power, use of immunostimulators. To estimate the efficiency of intraosteal therapy the micronuclear analysis method is used. Besides deep disorders of immunity in patients the disorders on the level of cell nucleus chromosomes (micronuclear erythrocytes) which are stabilized during shorter time in patients after intraosteal therapy are determined.

Pesticides are a collective term that encompasses all chemicals used to control various types of pests. However, the expected and undoubted usefulness of pesticides is combined with the likelihood of damage to human health and biosphere objects.

The program of comprehensive hygienic research carried out in the workshops of JSC KVZ and JSC KMPO provided for the assessment of working conditions for workers in vibration professions. For this purpose, the technological process was studied, the parameters of local vibration, industrial noise and microclimate were determined, the state of the air environment was investigated.

Periodontal diseases in children and adolescents are quite common, as a result of various reasons: geographic conditions, diet, poor oral hygiene, occlusion pathology, anomalies in the attachment of soft tissues of the oral cavity to the facial skeleton, etc.

In the group of malignant liver lesions, the frequency of occurrence of metastatic lesions is in the first place. It is distinguished by a pronounced variety of the echographic picture. However, not always a vivid picture of focal lesion corresponds to a true metastatic lesion. The presented observation can serve as an example of such a situation.

The history of the Kazan hygienic school should begin not with the organization of the Department of Hygiene (1869), but much earlier - with the foundation of the Faculty of Medicine.

On September 15, 1922, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR adopted the decree “On the sanitary bodies of the Republic”, which laid the foundation for the state sanitary supervision of Russia. Together with all the employees of the sanitary and epidemiological service of Russia, the sanitary and epidemiological service of Tatarstan has gone a long and glorious way.

November 18, 1998 marked the 70th anniversary of the birth and 40 years of medical, scientific and pedagogical activity of the Doctor of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Tatarstan, Professor Masnavi Fayzrakhmanovich Musin.