Peculiarities of electroencephalogram of left-handed individuals in imagination and realiza-tion of feet movements

Abstract

Background. Relevance of the study arises from a lack of knowledge about peculiarities of programming and realization of movements in individuals with different profiles of motor dominance. This knowledge is important for understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms of motor functions and for creating neurocomputer interfaces.

Aim. The analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns in lefties during imaginary and real motor acts by right and left legs.

Materials and Methods. The left-handed students were examined. They were divided into two groups on the basis of coefficients of motor asymmetry – with low (n=14) and high (n=7) degree of right-hemisphere dominance (LDRD and HDRD). EEG was recorded on neurovisor «NVX 36 digital DC EEG» in standard leads at rest and in successive imagination and fulfilment of movements by the right and left legs. Types of EEG were determined and the amplitude of the sensorimotor alpha-rhythm (mu-rhythm) was evaluated on the basis of analysis of spectral patterns of EEG.

Results. It was shown that the majority of left-handed individuals with LDRD had type I EEG, and the minority had type III, whereas all left-handed individuals with HDRD had type I EEG. In imagination and realization of leg movements in the first group the quantity of individuals with EEG of type III increased, while in the second group the type of EEG did not change. Motor tasks were associated with depression of alpha-rhythm in central and frontal areas, but with different extent of evidence in lefties with LDRD and HDRD. More pronounced desynchronization of the central mu-rhythm was observed in left-handed individuals with HDRD, while the amplitude of the frontal alpha-rhythm, on the contrary, was more decreased in left-handed individuals with LDRD.

Conclusions. The obtained data show dependence of EEG pattern in left-handed people during imagination and realization of motor acts by the leading and non-leading leg on the degree of the right hemisphere dominance that may find clinical application.

Keywords

electroencephalogram (EEG) / alpha-rhythm / mu-rhythm / imagination of movements / realization of movements / left-handed individuals

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RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Vedyasova O.A., Morenova K.A.