Theoretical and technological exploration of deep in situ fluidized coal mining

Abstract

Mining industries worldwide have inevitably resorted to exploiting resources from the deep underground. However, traditional mining methods can cause various problems, e.g., considerable mining difficulty, environmental degradations, and frequent disastrous accidents. To exploit deep resources in the future, the concept of mining must be reconsidered and innovative new theories, methods, and technologies must be applied. To effectively acquire coal resources deeper than 2000 m, new theoretical and technological concepts about deep in situ fluidized mining are required. The limits of mining depth need to be broken to acquire deep-coal resources in an environmentally friendly, safe, and efficient manner. This is characterized by ‘There are no coal on the ground and no men in the coal mine’. First, this paper systematically explains deep in situ fluidized coal mining. Then, it presents a new theoretical concept, including the theories of mining-induced rock mechanics, three-field visualization, multi-physics coupling for in situ transformation, and in situ mining, transformation and transport. It also presents key technological concepts, including those of intelligent, unmanned, and fluidized mining. Finally, this paper presents a strategic roadmap for deep in situ fluidized coal mining. In summary, this paper develops new theoretical and technological systems for accomplishing groundbreaking innovations in mining technologies of coal resources in the deep underground.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

coal resource / deep in situ / fluidized mining / theoretical system / key technologies / strategic roadmap

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the State Key Research Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFC0600700, 2016YFC0600701, and 2016YFC0600705), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51727807, 51674251, and 51374213), the National Major Project for Science and Technology (Grant No. 2017ZX05049003-006), and the Innovation Teams of Ten-thousand Talents Program sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2016RA4067).

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2019 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature