Wildlife Letters defines wildlife as including both non-domestic vertebrate and invertebrate animals, including fishes, and considers all aspects of environmental change. Non-domestic animals also include those kept in captivity for conservation or wildlife research. The research published in the journal should contribute either to sustainable wildlife management or conservation, or to understanding and responding to current and emerging challenges to wildlife from global and anthropogenic change. Wildlife science includes diverse topics within ecology and evolution of wildlife species (e.g., genetics, landscape ecology, behavior, ecophysiology), effects of wildlife on ecological systems (e.g., food webs, ecosystems), and more interdisciplinary topics such as from social sciences, economics or anthropology, and can be empirical or theoretical. The scope of Wildlife Letters also includes new techniques, new approaches and viewpoints to the science of key wildlife problems and practical applications of theoretical wildlife sciences. The journal is aimed at researchers, managers, educators and policy makers in wildlife science and related disciplines, and publishes timely, accessible, and substantial research.