Sex-specific differences in women’s hypertension management

Abstract

Hypertension is a major contributor to the development of cardiovascular disease, and effective blood pressure control is a critical intervention for reducing cardiovascular events. While age-adjusted awareness rates among women surpass those of their male counterparts, gender-specific control rates remain suboptimal. A rigorous pharmacological assessment and evidence-based prescription of antihypertensive agents, meticulously aligned with their distinct mechanistic and therapeutic profiles, constitute a cornerstone of clinical practice. This review examines the distinct epidemiological, pathophysiological, and clinical characteristics of hypertension in women, highlighting gender-specific differences across various life stages. Key topics addressed include hormonal influences, risk factors, pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders, menopause-associated hypertension, and sex-specific responses to treatment. The review emphasizes the importance of tailored management strategies and individualized antihypertensive therapy to improve outcomes in women.

Keywords

Sex-specific differences / hypertension / management / women

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