Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Central Columns in the Subway Station in Response to Groundwater Level Rise

Abstract

Shallow underground excavation techniques are widely employed in urban subway construction, and the pile–beam–arch (PBA) method is especially prevalent in subway stations’ construction. This method is primarily designed to address the challenges posed by complex geological conditions, dense underground utilities and the proximity of existing structures encountered during the comprehensive development process of urban subterranean environments. This research focuses on the Workers’ Stadium Station of Beijing Metro Line 17, utilizing MIDAS GTS NX computational simulation software to simulate the stratigraphic structure and construction processes associated with the station. A comparative analysis is conducted between the numerical simulation results and the corresponding field-measured data. By fitting the numerical simulation results and field-measured data with a Gaussian function, the coefficient of determination (R²) is determined to be 0.9723. This indicates an excellent agreement between the axial forces sustained by the CFST column in the model and the field-measured data across various excavation stages of the PBA method. This suggests that the numerical modeling effectively reflects the impact of actual construction activities on the CFST columns. Additionally, building upon this model and integrating principles from elastic mechanics theory, the paper investigates the impact of rising groundwater levels on the central column of the station during its operational phase. The analysis reveals that as the groundwater levels rise, both the central column’s axial force and axial displacement exhibit a gradual upward trend, with the rate of increase initially rising before subsequently declining. Notably, when the groundwater level reaches the top slab of the station, both parameters attain their maximum values. This research contributes to understanding the implications of groundwater level fluctuations on the stability of subway stations and offers recommendations for the ongoing operation of such facilities.

Keywords

PBA method subway station / Central column / Water level rise / Central column axial force / Central column axial displacement

References

[1] Tan ZS, Li ZL, Zhou ZL et al. (2022) Research on an evaluation method for the adaptability of TBM tunnelling. Appl Sci Basel 12(9). Article 4590

[2] Zhang L, Pan YG, Chen KZ et al. (2023) The effect of CRD method and auxiliary construction on surface settlement in shallow-buried tunnels. Front Earth Sci, 10. Article 998717

[3] Guan YP, Zhao W, Li SG et al. (2014) Key techniques and risk management for the application of the pile-beam-arch (PBA) excavation method: a case study of the zhongjie subway station. Sci World J. Article 275362

[4] Gao YX, Liu YW, Tang PJ et al. (2022) Modification of peck formula to predict surface settlement of tunnel construction in water-rich sandy cobble strata and its program implementation. Sustainability 14(21). Article 14545

[5] YangX, LiYS. Research of surface settlement for a single arch long-span subway station using the Pipe-roof Pre-construction Method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol, 2018, 72: 210-217

[6] Jin B, Liu Y, Yang CX et al. (2015) Construction technique of long-span shallow-buried tunnel considering the optimal sequence of pilot-tunnel excavation. Adv Mater Sci Eng, 2015. Article 491689

[7] Geng DY, Wang HB, Zhu KF et al. (2022) Construction optimization and settlement analysis of Pile Beam Arc method in subway station. Waves Random Complex Media

[8] YuL, ZhangDL, FangQ, et al.. Surface settlement of subway station construction using pile-beam-arch approach. Tunn Undergr Space Technol, 2019, 90: 340-356

[9] LiuXR, LiuYQ, YangZP, et al.. Numerical analysis on the mechanical performance of supporting structures and ground settlement characteristics in construction process of subway station built by Pile-Beam-Arch method. KSCE J Civ Eng, 2017, 21(5): 1690-1705

[10] Lv JB, Lu JJ, Wu H (2023) Study on the mechanical characteristics and ground surface settlement influence of the rise-span ratio of the pile-beam-arch method. Appl Sci Basel, 13(9). Article 5678

[11] Liu N, Tong X, Chang LF et al. (2023) The influence of pile-beam-arch construction on the stratum and station support structure. Geofluids, 2023. Article 5022418

[12] Liu N, Jiang YS, Jiang H et al. (2022) Analysis and field measurement on the internal force variation laws of steel pipe columns in subway stations. Geofluids, 2022. Article 8338763

[13] Liu B, Li T, Chang W et al. (2022) Mechanical response of horseshoe-shaped tunnel lining to undercrossing construction of a new subway station. Tunnell Underground Space Technol, 128. Article 104652

[14] LiuXR, LiuYQ, QuWB, et al.. Internal force calculation and supporting parameters sensitivity analysis of side piles in the subway station excavated by Pile-Beam-Arch method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol, 2016, 56: 186-201

[15] Ma ZY, Tang ST, Yang ZG (2023) Numerical analysis of metro station pit dewatering and its influence. Front Earth Sci, 10. Article 1120772

[16] HuXD, HongZQ, FangT. Analytical solution to steady-state temperature field with typical freezing tube layout employed in freeze-sealing pipe roof method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol, 2018, 79: 336-345

[17] Cui ZD, Zhang LJ, Xu C (2023) Numerical simulation of freezing temperature field and frost heave deformation for deep foundation pit by AGF. Cold Regions Sci Technol, 213. Article 103908

[18] Peng H, Li YJ, Niu XK et al. (2024) Characteristics analysis of leakage diseases of Beijing underground subway stations based on the field investigation and data statistics. Transp Geotech, 48. Article 101317

[19] Sun B, Tang XR, He YY et al. (2021) Small pilot tunnel advance and step reverse expansion in super-large-section tunnel excavation. Shock Vib, 2021. Article 8613551

[20] Gong P, Liu WH, Zeng B et al. (2022) Experimental and numerical study on the axial compression performance of the prestressed sleeved members. Thin Walled Struct, 181. Article 110049

[21] Zhang DL, Jiang ZQ, Zhao SX et al. (2023) Cyclic behavior and ultimate bearing capacity of circular concrete-filled double skin steel tube members subjected to combined compression and torsion. Thin Walled Struct, 186. Article 110707

[22] ZhuLF, ZhangCJ, LiMJ, et al.. Building 3D solid models of sedimentary stratigraphic systems from borehole data: An automatic method and case studies. Eng Geol, 2012, 127: 1-13

[23] LesterAM, SloanSW. A smooth hyperbolic approximation to the generalised classical yield function, including a true inner rounding of the Mohr-Coulomb deviatoric. Comput Geotech, 2018, 104: 331-357

[24] AbboAJ, LyaminAV, SloanSW, et al.. A C2 continuous approximation to the Mohr-Coulomb yield surface. Int J Solids Struct, 2011, 48(21): 3001-3010

[25] YoonJU, HanJW, JooEJ, et al.. Effects of tunnel shapes in structural and hydraulic interaction. KSCE J Civ Eng, 2014, 18(3): 735-741

[26] YangXL, HuangF. Influences of material dilatancy and pore water pressure on stability factor of shallow tunnels. Trans Nonferrous Metals Soc China, 2009, 19: S819-S823

[27] WongIH. Methods of resisting hydrostatic uplift in substructures. Tunn Undergr Space Technol, 2001, 16(2): 77-86

[28] Sun WX, Han FC, Zhang YM et al. (2023) Experimental assessment of structural responses of tunnels under the groundwater level fluctuation. Tunnell Underground Space Technol, 137. Article 105138

[29] Zhang JW, Cao J, Mu LL et al. (2019) Buoyancy force acting on underground structures considering seepage of confined water. Complexity. Article 7672930

[30] SunWX, LiuHL, ZhangWG, et al.. Determination of groundwater buoyancy reduction coefficient in clay: Model tests, numerical simulations and machine learning methods. Underground Space, 2023, 13: 228-240

[31] Sun WX, Liu HL, Zhang WA et al. (2023) Investigation on overburden thickness considering face and anti-floating stability of shallow shield tunnel. Comput Geotech, 160. Article 105562

[32] Zhou ZQ, Zhang DS, Gao CL et al. (2024) Interaction analysis of subway construction and groundwater seepage in spring area using PD-FVM coupling method. Computation Part Mech

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

The Author(s)

Just Accepted

This article has successfully passed peer review and final editorial review, and will soon enter typesetting, proofreading and other publishing processes. The currently displayed version is the accepted final manuscript. The officially published version will be updated with format, DOI and citation information upon launch. We recommend that you pay attention to subsequent journal notifications and preferentially cite the officially published version. Thank you for your support and cooperation.