Hydraulic-rock-structural responses of close-spaced shield-driven twin tunnels: Insights from in-situ monitoring and three-dimensional numerical simulation

Abstract

Twin-tunnel construction inevitably interacts under complex geological conditions, inducing highly complex hydraulic-rock-structure interactions. This study proposes a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)-based automatic monitoring system for in-situ measurement of rock and structural responses. It measures pore pressure, earth pressure, rock displacement, and additional stress and displacement of segments. Test results reveal three evolutionary stages: pre-shield arrival, shield passage, and post-shield passage. The final distribution and disturbance extent of these responses correlate with tunnel distance. A 3D refined numerical model incorporating the fluid-solid coupling and detailed construction process is developed. Numerical results analyze excess pore pressure, vault settlement, lining response, and key construction parameter effects (face and grouting pressure). Findings enhance understanding of twin tunnel interactions and hydraulic-rock-structural response mechanisms, providing insights for similar projects.

Keywords

Twin tunnels / In-situ measurement / Hydraulic-rock-structural responses / MEMS-based automatic monitoring system / Numerical simulation

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Chengwen Wang: Writing - original draft, Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Conceptualization. Xiaoli Liu: Supervision, Funding acquisition, Writing - review & editing, Project administration. Nan Hu: Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing. Wenli Yao: Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis. Enzhi Wang: Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Jianhong Jia: Project administration, Investigation.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFB4005500), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52090081 and 52079068), and the State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering, China (Grant No. 2021-KY-04).

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