Flexible, high-strength, and porous nano-nano composites based on bacterial cellulose for wearable electronics: a review

Abstract

Portable flexible electronics based on petroleum-based polymers have stepped onto the stage of modern technology. Increasing environmental problems facilitate emerging technologies based on cellulose because of its abundant sources and the nature of CO₂ consumption and biodegradability. Bacterial cellulose (BC) stands out among all cellulose materials because of its unique features, including the abundant hydrogen bonds, small diameter, three-dimensional nano-networked structures, high purity and crystallinity, and the degree of polymerization. The adequate properties impart BC and its nano-nano composites with superior balance among ductility, strength, and porosity, which are crucial for wearables. The principles of this balance, the fabrication of the nano-nano composites, and the wearable electronic applications based on BC are discussed in detail in this review.

Keywords

bacterial cellulose / strength / porosity / flexibility / nano-nano structure

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