Recent advances in CO₂ fixation via enzymatic catalysis and microbial electrosynthesis systems

Abstract

The large-scale emissions of CO₂ have led to a continuous rise in its concentration in the atmosphere, resulting in serious environmental and ecological problems, such as the greenhouse effect and climate change. As a result, there has been a significant increase in interest in theories, technologies, and methods related to CO₂ capture, conversion, and utilization, especially in achieving “carbon neutrality.” Among various carbon capture and utilization strategies, the biological process is an attractive option for converting CO₂ to valuable chemicals and fuels, offering remarkable reaction selectivity, efficiency, and mild reaction conditions. This review article reviewed and summarized various strategies for the biological conversion of CO₂. Specifically, more emphasis was given to in vitro enzymatic systems and microbial electrocatalytic system. We briefly introduced the background of biological CO₂ capture and utilization. Following this, the advancements in CO₂ reduction through the catalysis of single and multi-enzyme cascades were reviewed. We highlighted various approaches to improve the stability and activity of enzymes and develop cost-effective and sustainable reaction systems. Furthermore, the progress and application of microbial electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction were discussed. Finally, future developments and a perspective on biological CO₂ conversion are envisioned.

Keywords

CO₂ reduction / Single-enzyme / Multi-enzyme / Microbial electrosynthesis system / High-value chemicals

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371534)

Shenzhen Major Science and Technology Projects(KJZD20230928112759001)

Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province)

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Jiangnan University