Fermentative production of bioethanol using immobilized beads of Aspergillus terreus MZ769058

Abstract

Cotton waste fabrics are currently preferred over lignocellulose feedstocks for the production of bioethanol due to presence of higher percentage of cellulose and lower percentage of hemicellulose and lignin. Aspergillus sp. with ability of secreting cellulase enzyme has converted pre-treated lignocellulosic biomass into bioethanol via solid state fermentation process. In this study, A. terreus MZ769058 as new fungal strain had showed significant production of bioethanol by anaerobic fermentation of pre-treated cotton fabrics waste. This fungal strain was immobilized using sodium alginate entrapment methodology. The production of ethanol was estimated as 58.06 g/l via solid state fermentation process of media supplemented with 1.5 g cotton fabrics after inoculation with immobilized beads of A. terreus MZ769058. The production of ethanol was enhanced by 1.03 times after optimization of fermentative condition with immobilized cell beads. Response surface methodology was applied for optimization of parameters such as media pH (1.5–9.5), temperature (20–60 °C), fermentation time (24–72 h), and number of immobilization beads (5–25). Regression analysis with 99.43% value of coefficient of determination (R²) had confirmed the quadratic model for these variables. The interactive effects of variables were studied by contour plots and response surface plots. The predicted yield of bioethanol was further validated by performing experiment of solid-state fermentation process under the optimized predicted variables at pH (5.5), temperature (30 °C), fermentation time period (48 h) and immobilized beads (20). The production of bioethanol was enhanced up to 60.02 g/l under these optimum variables. The product of ethanol was further characterised using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR analysis had confirmed aromatic skeleton vibration in C-O stretching with the functional group at 1007.28, 1069.92, 1122.85 1636.60 and 855.29 cm^{− 1}. The acetyl group in hemicellulose’s molecules with C-H and C-O stretching had been also confirmed with peak at 1381.56 cm^{− 1} and 1122.85 cm^{− 1}. The immobilized beads of this new fungal strain could be used efficiently for production of ethanol in media supplemented with cotton waste fabrics at large scale in industrial sector in future.

Keywords

Aspergillus terreus MZ769058 / Cotton waste fabrics / Solid state fermentation / Immobilization / Bioethanol / Optimization / Response surface methodology

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