Exploration of indigenous rice beer of Assam (India) for its physicochemical, antioxidant, mineral content, and its conformational properties

Abstract

Sai Mod/Poro Apong and Rohi are fermented indigenous rice beers of the Mising tribe and Kacharis of Northeast India. The rice beer has its own significance as it contains various herbs that add flavor and medicinal properties to the product. In the current study, the overall acceptability of Rohi mod and Sai mod was recorded to be 4.25 ± 0.65 and 5.5 ± 0.41, respectively. Both versions of the beer have significant variations in terms of physicochemical properties and are recorded as (pH: 3.86 ± 0.43 and 3.72 ± 0.22; Moisture content: 85.5% and 89.33%; Alcohol content: 26% v/v and 35% v/v; volatile acidity: 1.23 ± 0.08 mg/ml and 1.08 ± 0.18; Total soluble sugar: 2.44 ± 0.21 µg/ml and 2.5 ± 0.11 µg/ml; Total soluble protein: 0.49 ± 0.02 µg/ml and 0.51 ± 0.05 µg/ml; Crude fat: 0.159 ± 0.04 µg/ml and 0.154 ± 0.02 µg/ml) for Sai and Rohi mods respectively. DPPH scavenging activity (%) and phenolic content were found to be higher in Rohi and recorded as 75.15 ± 0.82 and 550 ± 1.563 GAE/l; however, for Sai, the value was recorded as 63.24 ± 0.31 and 535 ± 2.212, respectively. In contrast, flavonoid content (mg catechin/l) was higher in Sai in comparison to Rohi and was found to be 68.23 ± 1.210 and 48.50 ± 2.002, respectively. The mineral content of Rohi and Sai mods showed a difference. Cadmium was not recorded in either of them. However, the values of other minerals (chromium, copper, nickel, and zinc) were recorded in ppm in the range of 4.7196 (zinc) for Rohi to 0.0628 (chromium) for Sai. FTIR analysis was also employed to study the conformational properties of Sai and Rohi mods. It is believed that the present study will give new insights on both the research and industrial scales in the near future.

Keywords

Ethnic beverage / Assam / Antioxidant / Mineral / Conformational properties

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