In vitro study of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of two selected cyanobacteria found across Odisha coast, India

Abstract

The study conducted on the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer potential of methanol and acetone extracts of two species of cyanobacteria (Lyngbya majuscula SB12-13 and Lyngbya martensiana SBD24) isolated from Odisha coast and identified using morphological and molecular approach. The maximum DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity was recorded in L. majuscula and the IC50 value was 251.34 ± 0.96 and 282.24 ± 0.87 μg/ml for L. majuscula and L. martensiana, respectively. The FRAP assay was also higher in L. majuscula (0.762 ± 0.0015) as compared to L. martensiana (0.679 ± 0.0009 µg/ml). The TP (69.18 ± 0.79 μg gallic acid equivalents g⁻¹) and TF (38.21 ± 0.61 μg quersentin equivalents g⁻¹) contents were more in methanol extract. The SOD and CAT activities were more prominent in L. majuscula than in L. martensiana. The antimicrobial activity study exhibited highest zone of inhibition in L. majuscula (23 ± 0.74 mM) as compared to L. martensiana (10 ± 0.77 mM). The FT-IR and GC–MS spectra analysis of methanol extract of L. majuscula and L. martensiana confirmed the presence of functional groups and respective phytocompounds. Further, the cytotoxicity results exhibited decreasing cell viability of HepG2 cells in methanol extract of L. majuscula in a dose-dependent trend without cytotoxicity on normal cells. The results obtained indicated differential characteristic among both species of same genus from which L. majuscula was a potent species and might be a good source for the production of promising bioactive compounds and can be used as an alternative for natural compounds for commercial applications.