Empirical Evaluation of Service-Enriched EV and Building Flexibility Contracts in Distribution Feeders

Abstract

Electric-vehicle (EV) charging and flexible building loads can increase or relieve distribution-level loading and voltage stress, depending on timing, placement, and flexibility. This paper empirically evaluates a shared service-enriched flexibility-contract representation for coordinating EV departure-energy service and building comfort service. Individual EV and building records encode service limits, deadlines or comfort bounds, and feeder locations. The evaluation compares uncontrolled, service-constrained, feeder-aware, and heuristic uncertainty-aware control, with inputs from empirical residuals or split-conformal scalar service-score quantiles. In the simplified study, 256 scenarios under four modes produce 1024 evaluations. Realized nominal EV energy shortfall and building comfort violations are zero in the tested scenarios, while a separate earlier-departure stress audit shows heuristic uncertainty-aware tightening reducing EV stress-risk cases from 106 to 64. Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS) audits on IEEE 123 and IEEE 34 each include 2048 scenarios and 8192 evaluations; stress-risk cases fall from 1005 to 536, with mean peak tradeoffs of 17.66 kW and 18.26 kW. A reduced-information experiment compares raw-state, individual-contract, and noisy/coarsened information-view proxies for exposure and payload rather than formal privacy. The results provide bounded empirical evidence that service-enriched EV/building contracts can expose service-grid and information-view tradeoffs in the tested simplified and OpenDSS feeder studies and audits.

Keywords

Active distribution networks / Electric-vehicle charging / Building flexibility / Service contracts / Distribution feeders / Heuristic uncertainty-aware control / Open Distribution System Simulator / Information-view proxies

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