Green spaces are a significant component of urban infrastructure that helps increase the resilience of urban environments, reducing the undesirable consequences of fast urbanization. This study aims on Jaipur, a Tier-II city in india, to evaluate urban growth trends using geospatial technology and spatial metrics for Jaipur city. The study further identifies suitable land for green spaces development by combining the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and multi-criteria evaluation techniques. There has been a notable increase in urbanization, by almost 43% during 2011–2023, a rapid urban growth for a Tier-II city, which contributes to the loss of green spaces and leads to a rise in land surface temperature LST). Spatial metrics revealed that the increase in urban compactness, combined with rapid urban growth (43%), significantly affected the availability of land for green space development. It is reflected in the land suitability analysis that limited space is available in the medium (670.82 ha) and high (615.85 ha) suitability categories for future green space development. Moreover, less than 2% of the non-built-up area is available for developing green spaces in the central part of the city. Hence, results highlight the importance of combining participatory planning techniques to promote successful urban green space development plans and overall sustainable development.

Despite mounting global attention toward sustainable construction, reverse logistics (RL) remains underutilized in the construction and demolition (C&D) waste management practices of developing economies. This study bridges a critical gap by empirically evaluating the effect of RL implementation intensity on sustainability outcomes within Pakistan’s construction sector. A comparative field experiment involving 36 construction projects was conducted, segmented into three groups based on RL maturity: none, moderate, and advanced. A Strategic Sustainability Scorecard (S³) was developed to quantify performance across six dimensions, waste recovery, cost avoidance, emissions reduction, RL integration, stakeholder alignment, and regulatory compliance. The results demonstrate that advanced RL projects achieved an average S³ score 108% higher than baseline projects, with material recovery rates exceeding 65%, and cost avoidance averaging PKR 4.3 million per project. Emissions reductions were also substantial, reaching up to 39.4 tons of CO₂ per project, primarily through steel and cement recovery. Stakeholder engagement scores showed strong positive correlation with sustainability outcomes (R² ≈ 0.73), underscoring the strategic role of institutional alignment. These findings establish RL as a high-leverage operational and policy tool for driving measurable sustainability performance, offering critical implications for procurement strategies, regulatory incentives, and circular economy integration in emerging construction markets.