Integrating GIS within the regulatory framework for mapping human-induced landslide hazards in Central Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract

Central Aceh Regency, Indonesia, is highly vulnerable to landslides owing to its steep terrain, high rainfall, and rapid changes in land use driven by human activities such as deforestation, slope excavation, and unregulated construction. This research integrates Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis with Indonesia’s national regulatory framework (Minister of Public Works Regulation No. 22/PRT/M/2007) to develop a model for mapping landslide hazards caused by human activities. Seven anthropogenic factors—cropping patterns, slope excavation and cutting, pond construction, drainage systems, construction activities, population density, and mitigation efforts—were integrated using a weighted overlay method in QGIS. Weights were assigned to each attribute according to regulatory standards and field validation results, resulting in a hazard zoning map classified into low, medium, and high categories. The model achieved an 84% validation accuracy for recorded landslide events, signifying its reliability and practical relevance. The results reveal that 1.96% of the area is designated as high-hazard, particularly in the sub-districts of Bies, Pegasing, and Silih Nara, where slope modification and drainage system disruption are markedly pronounced. This integrative methodology, which merges GIS with the regulatory framework, produces a replicable model for identifying landslide risks linked to human activities, thus enabling evidence-based spatial planning and disaster risk reduction strategies in the rapidly changing tropical highland region.

Keywords

Landslide hazard mapping / Geographic Information Systems (GIS) / Anthropogenic factors / Regulatory framework / Spatial planning

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