Electric bus fleet transition: assessment approach considering economic and environmental impacts, and its application

Abstract

In our society, global warming is considered one of the most serious problems. According to scientists, the world has been warmed by 3 degrees per year, which will be catastrophic to our world. To reduce CO2 emission, an electric bus is one way to solve the problem. In this article, we use four different models: Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model (ARIMA), Ecological Assessment Model, Bus Fleet Replacement Financial Model, and Integer Programming Model to determine the number of carbon emissions, the least money that government need to spend on transitions, and future blueprint; these help to predict the overall benefits for countries turn into absolutely electric bus society. Our research stands from the sustainable point of view; we view better environment as the goal. By applying these models to three different countries: London, and Toronto, and Philadelphia which is our main focus, we find out that the air quality will be increased by reducing different kinds of pollution. Moreover, by constructing a ten-year blueprint, we find out the best way to spend least money and make the environment gradually become better.

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