Torque effect on vibration behavior of high-speed train gearbox under internal and external excitations

Abstract

The high-speed train transmission system, experiencing both the internal excitation originating from gear meshing and the external excitation originating from the wheel–rail interaction, exhibits complex dynamic behavior in the actual service environment. This paper focuses on the gearbox in the high-speed train to carry out the bench test, in which various operating conditions (torques and rotation speeds) were set up and the excitation condition covering both internal and external was created. Acceleration responses on multiple positions of the gearbox were acquired in the test and the vibration behavior of the gearbox was studied. Meanwhile, a stochastic excitation modal test was also carried out on the test bench under different torques, and the modal parameter of the gearbox was identified. Finally, the sweep frequency response of the gearbox under gear meshing excitation was analyzed through dynamic modeling. The results showed that the torque has an attenuating effect on the amplitude of gear meshing frequency on the gearbox, and the effect of external excitation on the gearbox vibration cannot be ignored, especially under the rated operating condition. It was also found that the torque affects the modal parameter of the gearbox significantly. The torque has a great effect on both the gear meshing stiffness and the bearing stiffness in the transmission system, which is the inherent reason for the changed modal characteristics observed in the modal test and affects the vibration behavior of the gearbox consequently.

Keywords

High-speed train / Gearbox / Bench test / Vibration behavior / Modal identification

References

[1.] Kahraman A, Singh R. Non-linear dynamics of a spur gear pair. J Sound Vib, 1990, 142(1): 49-75,

[2.] Kahraman A, Singh R. Interactions between time-varying mesh stiffness and clearance non-linearities in a geared system. J Sound Vib, 1991, 146(1): 135-156,

[3.] Fernandez-del-Rincon A, Garcia P, Diez-Ibarbia A, et al.. Enhanced model of gear transmission dynamics for condition monitoring applications: effects of torque, friction and bearing clearance. Mech Syst Signal Process, 2017, 85: 445-467,

[4.] Fernández A, Iglesias M, de-Juan A, , et al.. Gear transmission dynamic: effects of tooth profile deviations and support flexibility. Appl Acoust, 2014, 77: 138-149,

[5.] Chang L, Cao X, He Z, et al.. Load-related dynamic behaviors of a helical gear pair with tooth flank errors. J Mech Sci Technol, 2018, 32(4): 1473-1487,

[6.] Wang Z, Cheng Y, Mei G, et al.. Torsional vibration analysis of the gear transmission system of high-speed trains with wheel defects. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part F J Rail Rapid Transit, 2020, 234(2): 123-133,

[7.] Wang Z, Mei G, Zhang W, et al.. Effects of polygonal wear of wheels on the dynamic performance of the gearbox housing of a high-speed train. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part F J Rail Rapid Transit, 2018, 232(6): 1852-1863,

[8.] Hu W, Liu Z, Liu D, et al.. Fatigue failure analysis of high-speed train gearbox housings. Eng Fail Anal, 2017, 73: 57-71,

[9.] Zhang B, Tan ACC, Lin JH. Gearbox fault diagnosis of high-speed railway train. Eng Fail Anal, 2016, 66: 407-420,

[10.] Huang GH, Zhou N, Zhang WH. Effect of internal dynamic excitation of the traction system on the dynamic behavior of a high-speed train. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part F J Rail Rapid Transit, 2016, 230(8): 1899-1907,

[11.] Huang GH, Xu SS, Zhang WH, et al.. Super-harmonic resonance of gear transmission system under stick-slip vibration in high-speed train. J Cent South Univ, 2017, 24(3): 726-735,

[12.] Wei J, Zhang A, Wang G, et al.. A study of nonlinear excitation modeling of helical gears with modification: theoretical analysis and experiments. Mech Mach Theory, 2018, 128: 314-335,

[13.] Lu X, Chen H, He X. Operational modal parameter identification with correlated colored noise excitation. J Vib Contr, 2022, 28(17–18): 2435-2444,

[14.] Li X, Antoni J, Brennan MJ, et al.. A frequency domain blind identification method for operational modal analysis using a limited number of sensors. J Vib Contr, 2020, 26(17–18): 1383-1398,

[15.] Kocan C. A comparative study on in-flight modal identification of an aircraft using time- and frequency-domain techniques. J Vib Contr, 2020, 26(21–22): 1920-1934,

[16.] Zhang T. Modal identification of gearbox housing of high speed train under assembly condition. J Mech Eng, 2018, 54(12): 31,

[17.] Stringer DB (2008) Gear modeling methodologies for advancing prognostic capabilities in rotary-wing transmission systems. Dissertation, University of Virginia.

[18.] Hayes MH. . Statistical digital signal processing and modeling, 1996 New Jersey John Wiley

[19.] Ljung L. . System identification: theory for the user, 1999 2 New Jersey Prentice Hall

[20.] McKelvey T, Akçay H, Ljung L. Subspace-based multivariable system iden- tification from frequency response data. IEEE Trans Automat Contr, 1996, 41(7): 960-979,

[21.] Arda Ozdemir A, Gumussoy S. Transfer function estimation in system identification toolbox via vector fitting. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2017, 50(1): 6232-6237,

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3400701); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022JBQY007)