Experimental Study on the Bonding Behavior between Ribbed Steel Bars and Ultra-High-Performance Concrete

Abstract

To evaluate the bonding behavior between ribbed steel bars and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), several pull-out samples were experimentally investigated and presented. The influences of bar diameter and embedment length on the bond failure mode, ultimate bond stress, stress-slip curve and bond stress distribution were investigated. Compared with that of ordinary reinforced concrete, the ultimate bond stress between steel bars and UHPC was increased by 74% under the same conditions. In addition, the bond-slip curve showed a relatively large slope before the ultimate bond stress was reached, and at the same time, the curve showed better ductility after the ultimate bond stress was exceeded. When the sample experiences steel bar yielding or pull-out failure, the bond stress distribution curve exhibits typical multipeak features. As the bar embedment length increased, the bond stress distribution became increasingly heterogeneous, and the increase in the peak number in the bond stress distribution curve reflected this trend. Under appropriate concrete cover thickness, the critical embedment length was between 4d and 6d.

Keywords

ultra-high-performance concrete / steel fiber / ribbed steel bar / bond stress / bond-slip curve

References

[1] Hu, C. Study on Composite Beam Flexural Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete and Normal Concrete. Master, Beijing Jiaotong University, 2013.

[2] Wang, H. Review of Research on Ultra-high Performance Concrete. China Concrete and Cement Products 2022, 25-28, doi:10.19761/j.1000-4637.2022.04.025.04.

[3] Shi, C.J.; Wu, Z.M.; Xiao, J.F.; Wang, D.H.; Huang, Z.Y.; Fang, Z. A review on ultra high performance concrete: Part I. Raw materials and mixture design. Construction and Building Materials 2015, 101,741-751, doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.088.

[4] Shi, C.; He, W.; Wu, Z.; Wu, L.; Zhu, D.; Huang, Z.; Zhang, J. Influence of Fibers on Mechanical Properties of UHPC. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society 2015, 34,2227-2236,2247.

[5] Yu, R.; Spiesz, P.; Brouwers, H.J.H. Mix design and properties assessment of Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC). Cement Concrete Res 2014, 56,29-39, doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.11.002.

[6] Yazici, H.; Yardimci, M.Y.; Yigiter, H.; Aydin, S.; Türkel, S. Mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete con-taining high volumes of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Cement Concrete Comp 2010, 32,639-648, doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.005.

[7] Liu, G.; Zhang, X.; Zhao, Y. Structural Design and Application of Ultra-High Performance Concrete in Amusement Platform of Flower Expo. Building Structure 2021, 51,959-962.

[8] Hu, Z.; Yi, B.; Yu, W. Analysis of Flexural Behavior of Prefabricated Deck Slab with UHPC Joints. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni 2021, 60,29-35, doi:10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.2019.11.20.2019B116.

[9] Arel, H.S. Effects of curing type, silica fume fineness, and fiber length on the mechanical properties and impact re-sistance of UHPFRC. Results Phys 2016, 6,664-674, doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2016.09.016.

[10] Gao, K. Study on Macroscopic Properties and Microscopic Mechanism of RPC. Master, Beijing Jiaotong University, 2010.

[11] Liu, X. Effect of Curing Regimes and Sulphate Attack on the Properties and Microstructure of Ultra High Performance Concrete. Master, Wuhan University of Technology, 2016.

[12] Ju, Y.; Yu, Y.; Wang, D. The Effect of Steel Fiber Content on the Strength of RPC Under Different Maintenance Condi-tions. China Concrete and Cement Products 2015, 42-44, doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4637.2015.04.011.

[13] Guo, Z.; Shi, X. Reinforcement Concrete Theory and Analyse; Tsinghua University Press: Beijing, 2006.

[14] Wang, R.; Ma, B. Experimental Study on thE Bond Anchorage of Reinforcement with Ultra-High-Performance Con-crete. In Proceedings of the Proceedings of the Eleventh National Technical Forum on Urban Roads, Bridges, and Flood Prevention in 2018, Chengdu, 2018; pp. 204-207.

[15] Han, F.; Liu, J.; Liu, J.; Ma, B.; Sha, J.; Wang, X. Study on Anchorage Behavior of Steel Bar in Ultra-high Performance Concrete. Materials Review 2019, 33,244-248.

[16] Qin, C. Study on Bonding Properties Between High Strength Rebar and Reactive Powder Concrete. Master, Northeast Electric Power University, 2018.

[17] Yan, J.; Zhang, H.; Wu, B. Beam Tests on Bond Behavior Between Geopolymer Concrete and Steel Bars. Journal of Building Structures 2019, 40,178-186, doi:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2018.0376.

[18] Dong, H.; Sun, W.; Cao, W.; Zhao, H. Experimental Study on Bonded Slip Behavior Between Steel Bars and Recycled Concrete. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology 2017, 49,82-90, doi:10.11918/j.issn.036706234.201705005.

[19] Li, M. Experimental Research and Finite Element Analysis on Bond Behavior between Coated steel bars and Concrete by Beam Test. Master, Yantai University, 2018.

[20] Wang, D. Experimental Study on the Bond Performance of Reinforced Concrete. Master, Xi'an University of Architec-ture and Technology, 2010.

[21] Song, W. The Research of Bond Behavior between Glass Aggregate Concrete and Steel Bar. Master, Shenyang Jianzhu University, 2016.

[22] Mains, R.M. Measurement of the Distribution of Tensile and Bond Stresses Along Reinforcing Bars. ACI Journal Pro-ceedings 1951, 48,doi:10.14359/11882.

[23] Yan, X.; Shi, Q.; Xu, Z. Experimental Study on Bond Behavior between Concrete and Deformed Steel Bar with Different Steel Bar. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences) 2020, 47,45-52, doi:10.16339/j.cnki.hdxbzkb.2020.01.006.

[24] Li, X.Y.; Zhang, J.W.; Liu, J.; Cao, W.L. Bond Behavior of Spiral Ribbed Ultra-high Strength Steel Rebar Embedded in Plain and Steel Fiber Reinforced High-Strength Concrete. Ksce J Civ Eng 2019, 23,4417-4430, doi:10.1007/s12205-019-2449-0.

[25] Ahmad, S.; Rafi, M.M.; Pilakoutas, K.; Zaman, Q.U.; Shabbir, F.; Tahir, M.F. Bond-Slip Behaviour of Steel Bars in Low-Strength Concrete. P I Civil Eng-Str B 2016, 169,524-537, doi:10.1680/jstbu.15.00067.

[26] Zuo, J.; Darwin, D. Bond Slip of High Relative Rib Area Bars Under Cyclic Loading. Aci Struct J 2000, 97,331-334.

[27] Saleem, M.A.; Mirmiran, A.; Xia, J.; Mackie, K. Development Length of High-Strength Steel Rebar in Ultrahigh Per-formance Concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2013, 25,991-998, doi:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000571.

[28] Yuan, J.; Graybeal, B.A. Bond Behavior of Reinforcing Steel in Ultra-High Performance Concrete; McLean,VA, FHWA: 2014.

[29] Mi, Y.; Pan, J.; Zhou, Q. Experimental Study on Bond Behavior Between Steel Bars and Patterned Vertical Alignment Engineered Cementitious Composite. Building Structure 2016, 46,69-73.

[30] Chiriatti, L.; Mercado-Mendoza, H.; Apedo, K.L.; Fond, C.; Feugeas, F. A study of Bond Between Steel Rebar and Concrete Under a Friction-Based Approach. Cement Concrete Res 2019, 120,132-141, doi:10.1016/j.cemcon-res.2019.03.019.

[31] Liu, P.; Li, Y.; Liu, K. Bond Performance of HRB500 Steel. Journal of Hebei University of Technology 2012, 41,76-80, doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2373.2012.01.017.

[32] An, M.; Jia, F.; Yu, Z.; Ji, W. Bond Properties of Reinforcement Anchored in Reactive Powder Concrete Flexural Mem-bers. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology 2013, 45,105-110.

[33] Xing, G.H.; Zhou, C.; Wu, T.; Liu, B.Q. Experimental Study on Bond Behavior between Plain Reinforcing Bars and Concrete. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2015, 2015,doi:10.1155/2015/604280.

[34] Somayaji, S.; Shah, S.P. Bond Stress Versus Slip Relationship and Cracking Response of Tension Members. J Am Con-crete I 1981, 78,217-225.

[35] Dang, C.N.; Murray, C.D.; Floyd, R.W.; Hale, W.M.; Martí-Vargas, J.R. Analysis of Bond Stress Distribution for Pre-stressing Strand by Standard Test for Strand Bond. Engineering Structures 2014, 72,152-159, doi:10.1016/j.eng-struct.2014.04.040.

[36] Jia, F. Experimental Study on the Bond Performance Between Reinforcement Bars and Reactive Powder Concrete. Ph. D., Beijing Jiaotong University, 2013.