Searching for an Optimized Potassium Fertilization in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Tempranillo with an Emphasis on Berry Quality and Nutrient Composition

Abstract

Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient that plays a central role in grapevine physiology and fruit quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different K concentrations in the nutrient solution on berry composition, color development, and mineral concentration in leaves, petioles, and berries of fruit-bearing cuttings of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo. Fruit-bearing cuttings were grown under controlled greenhouse conditions and irrigated with modified half-strength Hoagland solutions containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% K and a control nutrient solution. Berry quality parameters, including total soluble solids, acidity, anthocyanins, and phenolic maturity, were significantly influenced by K availability. Moderate K treatments (50-75%) produced the most favorable outcomes in terms of sugar accumulation, anthocyanin concentration, and nutrient balance. The results suggest that optimized K fertilization is critical for improving grape quality while avoiding potential negative effects associated with deficiency or excess. These findings provide valuable insights for K management in viticulture.

Keywords

potassium nutrition / grapevine physiology / berry quality / Vitis vinifera / macronutrients / micronutrients

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