Deformation Measurement of Glass Structure Using FBG Sensor

Abstract

Glass has been widely used as an important component in structures such as reflection glass curtainwalls, high speed trains, and landscape glass bridges with advantages of transparent and easy to clean, which are exposed to extreme weather conditions and external loads. Over time, these factors can lead to a damage of glass. So the health status of glass structure is critical, which should be routinely monitored to improve safety and provide reliable maintenance strategy. In this paper, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are used to monitor glass damage based on the fact that the main components of both the optical fiber and the glass are silica, which hints that both optical fiber and glass have the similar mechanical properties. Furthermore, the diameter of FBG installed on the glass structure is small, which has little effect on the beauty of glass. In order to validate the feasibility of the damage monitoring method, one common glass panel model with two-side fixations is loaded impact and static loads respectively, on the upper and lower surfaces of which four FBG sensors and two resistance strain gages are installed. A comparison study among the measured strains from the FBG sensors, those from the resistance strain gages, and those calculated from finite element model (FEM) analysis is conducted and the result obtained with experiments agrees with the element result. Test results show that the FBG sensors can effectively measure the glass deformation or damage under the impact and static load.

Keywords

FBG sensor / deformation measurement / glass structure / safety monitoring

References

[1] Beatini V., Carfagni G. R.. Glass as a material. Materia, 2011, 69, 36-43.

[2] Massimo B., Luigi B., Gianni R. C., Walter S.. Safety factors for the structural design of glass. Construction and Building Materials, 2014, 55, 114-127.

[3] Guo W. G., Shi F. F.. Deformation and failure behavior of MDYB-3 oriented PMMA glass under different loading conditions. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2008, 29(6): 1517-1525.

[4] Wu H. Y., Ma G., Xia Y. M.. Experimental study of tensile properties of PMMA at intermediate strain rate. Master of Letters, 2004, 58(29): 3681-3685.

[5] Guan G. S., Wang S. H., Cheng F. Y.. Compression failure and mechanics behavior of PMMA under different loading strain rates. Journal of Aeronautical Materials, 2012, 32(6): 96-101.

[6] Biolzi L., Cattaneo S., Rosati G.. Progressive damage and fracture of laminated glass beams. Construction and Building Materials, 2010, 24(6): 77-84.

[7] Roundi W., Mahi A. E., Gharad A. E., Rebiere J. L.. Acoustic emission monitoring of damage progression in glass/epoxy composites during static and fatigue tensile tests. Applied Acoustics, 2018, 132, 124-134.

[8] Kuang Y., Guo Y. X., Xiong L., Liu W. L.. Packaging and temperature compensation of fiber Bragg grating for strain sensing: a survey. Photonic Sensors, 2018, 8(4): 320-331.

[9] Chan T. H. T., Yu L., Tam H. Y., Ni Y. Q., Liu S. Y., Chung W. H., . Fiber Bragg grating sensors for structural health monitoring of Tsing Ma bridge: background and experimental observation. Engineering Structures, 2006, 28(5): 648-659.

[10] Schroeder K., Ecke W., Apitz J., Lembke E.. A fiber Bragg grating sensor system nonitors operational load in a wind turbin rotor blade. Measurement Science and Technology, 2006, 17(5): 1167-1172.

[11] Schubel P., Umer R., Boateng E. K. G.. Modeling heat transfer through an FBG optical fibre. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, 109, 184-196.

[12] Tarawneh M. A., Huang Y., Lu P., Tolliver D.. Vehicle classification system using in-pavement fiber Bragg grating sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2018, 18(7): 2807-2815.

[13] Zhou Z., He J. P., Yan K., Ou J. P.. Fiber-reinforced polymer-packaged optical fiber sensors based on Brillouin optical time-domain analysis. Optical Engineering, 2008, 47(1): 014401-1–014401–10.

[14] Hill K. O., Malo B., Bilodeau F., Johnson D. C., Albert J.. Bragg grating fabricated in monomode photosensitive optical fiber by UV exposure through a phase mask. Applied Physics Letters, 1993, 62(10): 1035-1037.

[15] Takeda S. I., Koyanagi J., Utsunomiya S., Kinoshita Y., Arao Y., Kawada H.. Monitoring of internal residual strain changes in CFRP using FBG sensors. SPIE, 2010, 7522, 75223N-1–75223N–8.

[16] He J. P., Zhou Z., Ou J. P.. Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature using a hybrid local and distributed optical fiber sensing system. Measurement, 2014, 47, 698-706.

[17] Zhang S. H., He J. P., Zhou Z.. Temperature sensing characteristics of FBG under different level stress and boundary conditions. Pacific Science Review, 2011, 13(3): 222-226.