Lung Function Improvement in Bronchial Asthma: A Study of Sublingual Immunotherapy

Abstract

This is a retrospective study. In order to investigate the effect of specific immunotherapy on the improvement of lung function and symptoms in children with bronchial asthma, 256 children with bronchial asthma were selected and divided into an experimental group and a control group according to whether they chose to use sublingual specific immunotherapy or not. The control group was given basic drug therapy, and the experimental group was given specific immunotherapy on the basis of basic drug therapy. Differences between the two groups were compared in terms of lung function, efficacy, and asthma medication dose. The results showed that peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum expiratory flow at 25% of forced vital capacity (MEF₂₅), maximal mid-expiratory flow curve (MMEF), maximum expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity (MEF₇₅), maximum expiratory flow at 50% of forced vital capacity (MEF₅₀), and airway hyperresponsiveness improved in both groups after 1 year of treatment (P < 0.05), and the result of experimental group was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). This study shows that sublingual specific immunotherapy combined with inhaled corticosteroid therapy has positive therapeutic effects on asthma patients, which can reduce the dose of medication used in asthma patients and improve symptoms.

Keywords

airway hyperresponsiveness / bronchial asthma / dust mites / lung function / sublingual immunotherapy

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2025 The Author(s). Pediatric Discovery published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.