8 Å structure of the outer rings of the Xenopus laevis nuclear pore complex obtained by cryo-EM and AI
Received date: 09 Nov 2021
Accepted date: 16 Nov 2021
Published date: 15 Oct 2022
Copyright
The nuclear pore complex (NPC), one of the largest protein complexes in eukaryotes, serves as a physical gate to regulate nucleocytoplasmic transport. Here, we determined the 8 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) structure of the outer rings containing nuclear ring (NR) and cytoplasmic ring (CR) from the Xenopus laevis NPC, with local resolutions reaching 4.9 Å. With the aid of AlphaFold2, we managed to build a pseudoatomic model of the outer rings, including the Y complexes and flanking components. In this most comprehensive and accurate model of outer rings to date, the almost complete Y complex structure exhibits much tighter interaction in the hub region. In addition to two copies of Y complexes, each asymmetric subunit in CR contains five copies of Nup358, two copies of the Nup214 complex, two copies of Nup205 and one copy of newly identified Nup93, while that in NR contains one copy of Nup205, one copy of ELYS and one copy of Nup93. These in-depth structural features represent a great advance in understanding the assembly of NPCs.
Key words: nuclear pore complex; cryo-EM; Xenopus laevis; AlphaFold2; nuclear ring; cytoplasmic ring
Linhua Tai , Yun Zhu , He Ren , Xiaojun Huang , Chuanmao Zhang , Fei Sun . 8 Å structure of the outer rings of the Xenopus laevis nuclear pore complex obtained by cryo-EM and AI[J]. Protein & Cell, 2022 , 13(10) : 760 -777 . DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00895-y
1 |
AfoninePV, Grosse-Kunstleve RW, EcholsN, HeaddJJ, Moriarty NW, MustyakimovM, TerwilligerTC, Urzhumtsev A, ZwartPH, AdamsPD (2012) Towards automated crystallographic structure refinement with phenix.refine. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 68:352–367
|
2 |
AkeyCW, Radermacher M (1993) Architecture of the Xenopus nuclear pore complex revealed by three-dimensional cryo-electron microscopy. J Cell Biol 122:1–19
|
3 |
AllegrettiM, Zimmerli CE, RantosV, WilflingF, RonchiP, FungHKH, Lee C-W, HagenW, TuroňováB, KariusK et al (2020) In-cell architecture of the nuclear pore and snapshots of its turnover. Nature 586:796–800
|
4 |
AndersenKR, Onischenko E, TangJH, KumarP, ChenJZ, UlrichA, Liphardt JT, WeisK, SchwartzTU (2013) Scaffold nucleoporins Nup188 and Nup192 share structural and functional properties with nuclear transport receptors. Elife 2:e00745
|
5 |
BeckM, Forster F, EckeM, PlitzkoJM, Melchior F, GerischG, BaumeisterW, Medalia O (2004) Nuclear pore complex structure and dynamics revealed by cryoelectron tomography. Science 306:1387–1390
|
6 |
BeckM, LucicV, ForsterF, Baumeister W, MedaliaO (2007) Snapshots of nuclear pore complexes in action captured by cryoelectron tomography. Nature 449:611–615
|
7 |
BernadR, van der Velde H, FornerodM, PickersgillH (2004) Nup358/RanBP2 attaches to the nuclear pore complex via association with Nup88 and Nup214/CAN and plays a supporting role in CRM1-mediated nuclear protein export. Mol Cell Biol 24:2373–2384
|
8 |
BilokapicS, Schwartz TU (2012) Molecular basis for Nup37 and ELY5/ELYS recruitment to the nuclear pore complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:15241–15246
|
9 |
BilokapicS, Schwartz TU (2013) Structural and functional studies of the 252 kDa nucleoporin ELYS reveal distinct roles for its three tethered domains. Structure 21:572–580
|
10 |
BoehmerT, JeudyS, BerkeIC, Schwartz TU (2008) Structural and functional studies of Nup107/Nup133 interaction and its implications for the architecture of the nuclear pore complex. Mol Cell 30:721–731
|
11 |
BrohawnSG, LeksaNC, SpearED, Rajashankar KR, SchwartzTU (2008) Structural evidence for common ancestry of the nuclear pore complex and vesicle coats. Science 322:1369–1373
|
12 |
BuiKH, von Appen A, DiGuilioAL, OriA, SparksL, MackmullM-T, Bock T, HagenW, Andrés-PonsA, Glavy JS et al (2013) Integrated structural analysis of the human nuclear pore complex scaffold. Cell 155:1233–1243
|
13 |
CronshawJM, Krutchinsky AN, ZhangW, ChaitBT, Matunis MJ (2002) Proteomic analysis of the mammalian nuclear pore complex. J Cell Biol 158:915–927
|
14 |
DeblerEW, MaY, SeoH-S, Hsia K-C, NoriegaTR, BlobelG, HoelzA (2008) A fence-like coat for the nuclear pore membrane. Mol Cell 32:815–826
|
15 |
DelavoieF, SoldanV, RinaldiD, Dauxois JY, GleizesPE (2019) The path of pre-ribosomes through the nuclear pore complex revealed by electron tomography. Nat Commun 10:497
|
16 |
EibauerM, Pellanda M, TurgayY, DubrovskyA, WildA, MedaliaO (2015) Structure and gating of the nuclear pore complex. Nat Commun 6:7532
|
17 |
EmsleyP, Lohkamp B, ScottWG, CowtanK (2010) Features and development of Coot. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 66:486–501
|
18 |
Fernandez-MartinezJ, Kim SJ, ShiY, UplaP, Pellarin R, GagnonM, ChemmamaIE, WangJ, NudelmanI, Zhang W et al (2016) Structure and function of the nuclear pore complex cytoplasmic mRNA export platform. Cell 167:1215–1228
|
19 |
GaikM, Flemming D, von AppenA, KastritisP, Mücke N, FischerJ, StelterP, OriA, BuiKH, Baßler J et al (2015) Structural basis for assembly and function of the Nup82 complex in the nuclear pore scaffold. J Cell Biol 208:283–297
|
20 |
GoddardTD, Goddard TD, HuangCC, MengEC, Pettersen EF, CouchGS, MorrisJH, FerrinTE (2018) UCSF ChimeraX: Meeting modern challenges in visualization and analysis. Protein Sci 27:14–25
|
21 |
HampoelzB, Andres-Pons A, KastritisP, BeckM (2019) Structure and assembly of the nuclear pore complex. Annu Rev Biophys 48:515–536
|
22 |
HinshawJE, Carragher BO, MilliganRA (1992) Architecture and design of the nuclear pore complex. Cell 69:1133–1141
|
23 |
HoelzA, DeblerEW, BlobelG (2011) The structure of the nuclear pore complex. Annu Rev Biochem 80:613–643
|
24 |
HsiaKC, Stavropoulos P, BlobelG, HoelzA (2007) Architecture of a coat for the nuclear pore membrane. Cell 131:1313–1326
|
25 |
HuangJ, Rauscher S, NawrockiG, RanT, FeigM, de GrootBL, Grubmüller H, MacKerell JrAD (2017) CHARMM36m: an improved force field for folded and intrinsically disordered proteins. Nat Methods 14:71–73
|
26 |
HuangG, ZhangY, ZhuX, ZengC, WangQ, Zhou Q, TaoQ, LiM, LeiM, YanC et al (2020) Structure of the cytoplasmic ring of the Xenopus laevis nuclear pore complex by cryo-electron microscopy single particle analysis. Cell Res 30:520–531
|
27 |
HuttenS, Kehlenbach RH (2006) Nup214 is required for CRM1-dependent nuclear protein export in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 26:6772–6785
|
28 |
JumperJ, EvansR, PritzelA, Green T, FigurnovM, RonnebergerO, Tunyasuvunakool K, BatesR, ŽídekA, Potapenko A et al (2021) Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature 596:583–589
|
29 |
KampmannM, BlobelG (2009) Three-dimensional structure and flexibility of a membrane-coating module of the nuclear pore complex. Nat Struct Mol Biol 16:782–788
|
30 |
KassubeSA, StuweT, LinDH, Antonuk CD, NapetschnigJ, BlobelG, HoelzA (2012) Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of Nup358/RanBP2. J Mol Biol 423:752–765
|
31 |
KelleyK, Knockenhauer KE, KabachinskiG, SchwartzTU (2015) Atomic structure of the Y complex of the nuclear pore. Nat Struct Mol Biol 22:425–431
|
32 |
KimSJ, Fernandez-Martinez J, NudelmanI, ShiY, ZhangW, RavehB, Herricks T, SlaughterBD, HoganJA, UplaP et al (2018) Integrative structure and functional anatomy of a nuclear pore complex. Nature 555:475–482
|
33 |
KosinskiJ, Mosalaganti S, von AppenA, TeimerR, DiGuilio AL, WanW, BuiKH, HagenWJH, BriggsJAG, Glavy JS et al (2016) Molecular architecture of the inner ring scaffold of the human nuclear pore complex. Science 352:363–365
|
34 |
LiebschnerD, Afonine PV, BakerML, BunkócziG, Chen VB, CrollTI, HintzeB, HungLW, JainS, McCoy AJ et al (2019) Macromolecular structure determination using X-rays, neutrons and electrons: recent developments in Phenix. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 75:861–877
|
35 |
LinDH, HoelzA (2019) The structure of the nuclear pore complex (an update). Annu Rev Biochem 88:725–783
|
36 |
LinDH, Zimmermann S, StuweT, StuweE, HoelzA (2013) Structural and functional analysis of the C-terminal domain of Nup358/RanBP2. J Mol Biol 425:1318–1329
|
37 |
LinDH, StuweT, SchilbachS, Rundlet EJ, PerrichesT, MobbsG, FanY, ThierbachK, Huber FM, CollinsLN et al (2016) Architecture of the symmetric core of the nuclear pore. Science 352:1015
|
38 |
MaimonT, EladN, DahanI, Medalia O (2012) The human nuclear pore complex as revealed by cryo-electron tomography. Structure 20:998–1006
|
39 |
MastronardeDN (2005) Automated electron microscope tomography using robust prediction of specimen movements. J Struct Biol 152:36–51
|
40 |
MosalagantiS, Kosinski J, AlbertS, SchafferM, Strenkert D, SaloméPA, MerchantSS, Plitzko JM, BaumeisterW, EngelBD et al (2018) In situ architecture of the algal nuclear pore complex. Nat Commun 9:2361
|
41 |
NapetschnigJ, BlobelG, HoelzA (2007) Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of the human protooncogene Nup214/CAN. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:1783–1788
|
42 |
NapetschnigJ, Kassube SA, DeblerEW, WongRW, BlobelG, HoelzA (2009) Structural and functional analysis of the interaction between the nucleoporin Nup214 and the DEAD-box helicase Ddx19. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:3089–3094
|
43 |
OriA, Banterle N, IskarM, Andrés-PonsA, Escher C, BuiHK, SparksL, Solis-Mezarino V, RinnerO, BorkP et al (2013) Cell type-specific nuclear pores: a case in point for context-dependent stoichiometry of molecular machines. Mol Syst Biol 9:648
|
44 |
PettersenEF, Goddard TD, HuangCC, CouchGS, Greenblatt DM, MengEC, FerrinTE (2004) UCSF Chimera–a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis. J Comput Chem 25:1605–1612
|
45 |
PhillipsJC, BraunR, WangW, Gumbart J, TajkhorshidE, VillaE, ChipotC, SkeelRD, Kalé L, SchultenK (2005) Scalable molecular dynamics with NAMD. J Comput Chem 26:1781–1802
|
46 |
PortSA, Monecke T, DickmannsA, SpillnerC, HofeleR, UrlaubH, Ficner R, KehlenbachRH (2015) Structural and functional characterization of CRM1-Nup214 interactions reveals multiple FG-binding sites involved in nuclear export. Cell Rep 13:690–702
|
47 |
PunjaniA, Rubinstein JL, FleetDJ, BrubakerMA (2017) cryoSPARC: algorithms for rapid unsupervised cryo-EM structure determination. Nat Methods 14:290–296
|
48 |
RoloffS, Spillner C, KehlenbachRH (2013) Several phenylalanineglycine motives in the nucleoporin Nup214 are essential for binding of the nuclear export receptor CRM1. J Biol Chem 288:3952–3963
|
49 |
RoutMP, Aitchison JD, SupraptoA, HjertaasK, ZhaoY, ChaitBT (2000) The yeast nuclear pore complex: composition, architecture, and transport mechanism. J Cell Biol 148:635–651
|
50 |
SampathkumarP, KimSJ, UplaP, Rice WJ, PhillipsJ, TimneyBL, PieperU, BonannoJB, Fernandez-Martinez J, HakhverdyanZ et al (2013) Structure, dynamics, evolution, and function of a major scaffold component in the nuclear pore complex. Structure 21:560–571
|
51 |
SeoHS, MaY, DeblerEW, Wacker D, KutikS, BlobelG, HoelzA (2009) Structural and functional analysis of Nup120 suggests ring formation of the Nup84 complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:14281–14286
|
52 |
StuweT, LinDH, CollinsLN, Hurt E, HoelzA (2014) Evidence for an evolutionary relationship between the large adaptor nucleoporin Nup192 and karyopherins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111:2530–2535
|
53 |
StuweT, BleyCJ, ThierbachK, Petrovic S, SchilbachS, MayoDJ, Perriches T, RundletEJ, JeonYE, Collins LN et al (2015) Architecture of the fungal nuclear pore inner ring complex. Science 350:56–64
|
54 |
SuM (2019) goCTF: geometrically optimized CTF determination for single-particle cryo-EM. J Struct Biol 205:22–29
|
55 |
TanYZ, Baldwin PR, DavisJH, WilliamsonJR, PotterCS, CarragherB, Lyumkis D (2017) Addressing preferred specimen orientation in single-particle cryo-EM through tilting. Nat Methods 14:793–796
|
56 |
TegunovD, CramerP (2019) Real-time cryo-electron microscopy data preprocessing with Warp. Nat Methods 16:1146–1152
|
57 |
von AppenA, Kosinski J, SparksL, OriA, DiGuilio AL, VollmerB, MackmullM-T, Banterle N, ParcaL, KastritisP et al (2015) In situ structural analysis of the human nuclear pore complex. Nature 526:140–143
|
58 |
WuJ, Matunis MJ, KraemerD, BlobelG, Coutavas E (1995) Nup358, a cytoplasmically exposed nucleoporin with peptide repeats, Ran-GTP binding sites, zinc fingers, a cyclophilin A homologous domain, and a leucine-rich region. J Biol Chem 270:14209–14213
|
59 |
WuC, HuangX, ChengJ, Zhu D, ZhangX (2019) High-quality, high-throughput cryo-electron microscopy data collection via beam tilt and astigmatism-free beam-image shift. J Struct Biol 208:107396
|
60 |
ZhangK (2016) Gctf: real-time CTF determination and correction. J Struct Biol 193:1–12
|
61 |
ZhangY, LiS, ZengC, Huang G, ZhuX, WangQ, WangK, ZhouQ, Yan C, ZhangW et al (2020) Molecular architecture of the luminal ring of the Xenopus laevis nuclear pore complex. Cell Res 30:532–540
|
62 |
ZhengSQ, Palovcak E, ArmacheJ-P, VerbaKA, ChengY, AgardDA (2017) MotionCor2: anisotropic correction of beam-induced motion for improved cryo-electron microscopy. Nat Methods 14:331–332
|
63 |
ZhuD, WangX, FangQ, Van Etten JL, RossmannMG, RaoZ, ZhangX (2018) Pushing the resolution limit by correcting the Ewald sphere effect in single-particle Cryo-EM reconstructions. Nat Commun 9:1552
|
64 |
ZimmerliC, Allegretti M, RantosV, GoetzSK, Obarska-Kosinska A, ZagoriyI, HalavatyiA, Mahamid J, KosinskiJ, BeckM (2020) Nuclear pores constrict upon energy depletion.
|
65 |
ZivanovJ, NakaneT, ForsbergBo, Kimanius D, HagenWJH, LindahlE, Scheres SHW (2018) New tools for automated high-resolution cryo-EM structure determination in RELION-3. Elife 7: e42166
|
/
〈 | 〉 |