Strategies for constructing rotator cuff organoids: A review

Abstract

Rotator cuff injury is a common disease of the locomotor system, causing a serious burden on the individual patient as well as society. The current treatment primarily involves surgical intervention, but it cannot completely restore the physiological integrity of the rotator cuff and carries a significant risk of postoperative re-tear. To improve the repair of rotator cuff injuries, regenerative medicine strategies have been widely explored. Organoids refer to three-dimensional (3D) tissue structures derived from stem/progenitor cells in vitro, which recapitulate native organ structure and function, providing an emerging platform for disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. In this paper, we first outline the disease background of rotator cuff anatomy and current clinical treatments and subsequently summarize fabrication strategies for the rotator cuff-relevant organoids, focusing on skeletal muscle, tendon, bone, cartilage, and especially regenerative medicine approaches for the tendon-bone interface. Building upon this Foundation, we describe in detail the integrative strategies for rotator cuff organoid biofabrication, encompassing cell sources, matrix materials, construction techniques, and strategies. Finally, this work also addresses the challenges in rotator cuff organoid construction and outlines possible solutions, while re-emphasizing the transformative potential of rotator cuff organoids for promoting Fundamental research, accelerating drug screening, and enabling functional repair of rotator cuff diseases.

Keywords

Rotator cuff / Organoid / Regenerative medicine

Acknowledgments

None.

Funding

This work was supported by the Project of Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Bureau, Central Guidance for Local Scientific and Technological Development Foundation (Exploratory Fundamental Research, 246Z2004G).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author contributions

Conceptualization: Zhenlong Liu

Visualization: Qiangzhuang Shi

Writing-original draft: Qiangzhuang Shi

Writing-review & editing: All authors

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data

Not applicable.

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