A comparative study of a direct and pulse electrode-position method of TiO₂ films and its effect on photo-electrocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye

Abstract

The present study reports the titanium dioxide (TiO₂) films synthesized from TiCl₃ precursor on ITO glass substrates using two electrochemical techniques, namely direct electro-deposition (DE) and pulse electro-deposition (PE). The synthesis potential during the time-on (T_on) period was fixed at −1.5 V. However, the open-circuit potential was applied during the time-off (T_off) period. The effect of the technique of electro-deposition and T_off duration on the properties of TiO₂ films and their photoelectron-catalytic activity were investigated. The obtained films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-VIS spectrometer, and photocurrent measurement respectively. It is found that the use of the PE technique at different T_off improves the properties of TiO₂ films compared to the DE technique. The XRD patterns show the anatase phase with a marked preferential orientation along the (101) direction for all samples. From the SEM analysis, it is seen a significant change from big multigrain agglomerates at DE to a dense film structure and small multigrain agglomerates at different T_off. As the T_off decreases from 3 s to 1 s, the photocurrent response rises and reaches a high value of about 12 mA/cm². Compared with DE, and under UV light the photocatalytic property of TiO₂ film synthesis via PE has been improved in the degradation of methyl orange (MO). Finally, the films deposited at low T_off (T_off = 1 s) show a faster degradation of MO.

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