Design of novel circular lattice photonic crystal fiber suitable for transporting 48 OAM modes

Abstract

In this paper, we propose and numerically investigate a novel circular lattice photonic crystal fiber (CL-PCF) using controllable GeO₂ doped silica, suitable for modes carrying quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM). Large effective index separations between 25 supported vector modes (≥10⁻⁴) are confirmed over large bandwidth (C+L bands) leading to 48 OAM modes bearing information. The simulations show that the modes in the proposed CL-PCF have good features including low and flat dispersion (within 51.82 ps/km/nm), low confinement loss (lower than 0.002 dB/m), high effective mode area (88.5 µm²) and low nonlinearity (1.22 W⁻¹·km⁻¹). These promising results show that the proposed CL-PCF could be an arguably candidate in fiber-based OAM multiplexing or other applications using OAM states.

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