Study on sputtering Zn(O,S) buffer layers for eco-friendly Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ solar cells

Abstract

An eco-friendly Zn(O,S) film with a wider band gap is emerging as one of the promising Cd-free replacement material, which can be deposited by radio frequency sputtering. The effect of sputtering pressure on the Zn(O,S) films properties and the devices performance are studied systematically. At high pressure, the ZnS phase is found in the Zn(O,S) films resulting in a higher barrier at Zn(O,S) /CIGS interface which would lead to a low recombination activation energy (Ea). By reducing sputtering pressure, single phase of Zn(O,S) films are conducive to carrier transport as well as promote the films electric properties, ultimately improving the performance of Zn(O,S)/CIGS solar cells.

References

[1] KatoT, WuJ L, HiraiY, SugimotoH, BermudezV. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2019, 9: 325

[2] JacksonP, WuerzR, HariskosD, LotterE, WitteW, PowallaM. Physica status solidi (RRL)-Rapid Research Letters, 2016, 10: 583

[3] FriedlmeierT M, JacksonP, Kreikemeyer-LorenzoD, HauschildD, KiowskiO, HariskosD, WeinhardtL, HeskeC, PowallaM. A Closer Look at Initial Cds Growth on High-Efficiency Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ Absorbers Using Surface-Sensitive Methods, 43rd IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2016, 0457

[4] WitteW, SpieringS, HariskosD. Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis, 2014, 26: 23

[5] FriedlmeierT M, JacksonP, BauerA, HariskosD, KiowskiO, WuerzR, PowallaM. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2015, 5: 1487

[6] HariskosD, JacksonP, HempelW, PaetelS, SpieringS, MennerR, WischmannW, PowallaM. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2016, 6: 1321

[7] KlenkR, SteigertA, RissomT, GreinerD, KaufmannC A, UnoldT, Lux-SteinerM C. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 2014, 22: 161

[8] BuffièreM, HarelS, Guillot-DeudonC, ArzelL, BarreauN, KesslerJ. Physica Status Solidi (a), 2015, 212: 282

[9] FrijtersC H, PoodtP, IlliberiA. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2016, 155: 356

[10] ChoiJ H, JungS H, ChungC W. Journal Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2016, 16: 5378

[11] ŞenayV, PatS, Korkmaz, AydoğmuşT, ElmasS, ÖzenS, EkemN, BalbağM Z. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 318: 2

[12] SharbatiS, SitesJ R. IEEE Journal of photovoltaics, 2014, 4: 697

[13] GrimmA, KievenD, KlenkR, LauermannI, NeisserA, NiesenT, PalmJ. Thin Solid Films, 2011, 520: 1330

[14] LinS, LiuW, ChenC, FanY, LiG M, ZhangY X, ZhouZ Q, HeQ, SunY. 43rd IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2016, 0382

[15] PanH L, YangT, YaoB, DengR, SuiR Y, GaoL L, ShenD Z. Applied Surface Science, 2010, 256: 4621

[16] SongT, McGoffinJ T, SitesJ R. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2014, 4: 942

[17] KlenkR, GerhardtP, LauermannI, SteigertA, StoberF, HergertF, Lux-SteinerM C. Design, Preparation and Performance of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ / Zn(O, S) / ZnOAl Solar Cells, 2013, 0853

[18] JasenekA, RauU, NadenauV, SchockH W. Journal of Applied Physics, 2000, 87: 594