Design and fabrication of a mid-infrared carbon dioxide sensor for the application in greenhouse environment

Abstract

A mid-infrared carbon dioxide (CO₂) sensor is presented for the application in greenhouse environment. An integrated multi-pass gas chamber and a dual-channel differential detection method are adopted to decrease response time and suppress environmental influence, respectively. An optical module is developed using a cost-effective wideband mid-infrared light source, a dual-channel pyre electrical detector and a spherical mirror, and the moisture-proof function is specially designed for enabling the application of this sensor in greenhouse with high humidity. Experiments are carried out to evaluate the sensing performance on CO₂ concentration. According to the experimental results, the limit of detection (LoD) is about 3×10^-5 with an absorption length of 30 cm. The relative detection error is less than 5% within the measurement range of 3×10^-5—5×10^-3. Based on 10 h long-term stability measurement on 5×10^-4 and 2×10^-3 standard CO₂ samples, the maximum fluctuations are 1.08% and 3.6%, respectively. By using a 2.4 GHz wireless network communication system for remote monitoring and data recording, a field measurement of this sensor in a greenhouse is conducted, and good performance is proven in such circumstance.

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