Bending characteristics of dual-hole PM-PCF based on LP₀₁ and LP₁₁ modal interference

Abstract

The bending characteristics of dual-hole polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) are demonstrated in this paper. The modal interference is induced by the LP₀₁ mode and LP₁₁ mode propagating in a single PM-PCF with the same polarization direction. Simulation results demonstrate that the bending radius induces the phase difference between LP₀₁ mode and LP₁₁ mode, which leads to the change of light interference intensity on the fiber output facet. The relationship between bending radius and normalized interference intensity with three different bending angles is discussed, where the bending angle is defined as the angle between hole axis and the x axis. The bending sensitivity is obtained to be about −188.78/m around the bending radius of 1.5 cm with the bending angle of 90°. The bending characteristics can contribute for online bending detection in widespread areas.

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