Role of immune cell interactions in alcohol-associated liver diseases

Abstract

Research on inflammatory response, liver injury, and immune regulation has demonstrated that the intricate interactions among immune cells constitute a critical regulatory network. Alcohol consumption alters the liver microenvironment, triggering inflammation and immune responses. Elucidating the inhibitory, cooperative, and synergistic effects among lymphocytes and myeloid cells may reveal the core mechanisms of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) pathogenesis and identify promising therapeutic targets. This review seeks to elucidate the intricate and multifaceted interactions among immune cells, encompassing both direct cellular interactions and the secretion of various effector molecules. It is essential to underscore that these interactions have broader and more complex roles in ALD than the activities of individual immune cell types. These interactions play a crucial role in mutually regulating one another, thereby preserving the homeostasis of the inflammatory and immune response in the liver environment. Targeting these immune cell interactions is anticipated to offer a novel approach to the prevention and treatment of ALD.

Keywords

Immune cell / Cell interactions / Inflammation / Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD)

Authors’ contributions

Xianda Wang, Juan Wang, and Haodong Peng contributed equally to this paper and should be considered co-first authors. Xianda Wang: Writing e review & editing. Juan Wang: Writing e original draft. Haodong Peng: Writing e original draft. Li Zuo: Writing e review & editing, Funding acquisition, Conceptualiza-tion. Hua Wang: Writing e review & editing, Conceptualization.

Declaration of competing interest

Hua Wang is an editorial board member for Liver Research and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 822250008; 82200644; 2070608; 82270589; 82070548; 81800464), the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (No. 2308085J28; 2023AH020034), Postgraduate Innovation Research and Practice Program of Anhui Medical Uni-versity (No. YJS20230111).

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