Polygonatum sibiricum Red. and its polysaccharides in cognitive improvement: Pharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Abstract

Cognitive impairment is a growing public health concern associated with aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and chronic stress. Polygonatum sibiricum Red. (P. sibiricum, Huang Jing), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is used to reinforce qi, strengthen the spleen, and nourish yin. Recent studies have suggested that P. sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP), its major bioactive constituents, exert neuroprotective effects through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, modulation of the gut–brain axis, and improvement of synaptic plasticity. This review summarizes recent advances in the pharmacological activities ofP. sibiricum and PSP related to cognitive improvement, highlights findings from behavioral, cellular, and molecular studies, and examines the clinical evidence supporting their therapeutic potential. Understanding the mechanism of action ofP. sibiricum offers new insights into its potential development as a functional food or complementary therapeutic agent for cognitive decline.

Keywords

Polygonati rhizoma / Polysaccharides / Medicine and food homology / Cognitive impairment / Neuroprotection

Funding

This study was funded by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-IFST) and Open Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University (KF-202505).

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Cong Lu: Data curation, investigation, visualization, and writing – original draft. Xiangfei Zhang: Investigation and writing – original draft. Lifang Chen: Investigation and writing – review & editing. Jing Sun: Writing – review & editing. Bei Fan: Writing – review & editing. Fengzhong Wang: Conceptualization, funding acquisition, supervision, and writing – review & editing.

Declaration of competing interest

All the authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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