Water film depth of super-multi-lane pavement and its effect on tire-pavement surface interaction

Jun CHEN; Bing LIAO; Lailiang ZHOU; Zhenhai DONG; Xiufen SI; Yan ZHOU

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-7985.2026.02.010

Journal of Southeast University (English Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2) :233 -239. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-7985.2026.02.010

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Water film depth of super-multi-lane pavement and its effect on tire-pavement surface interaction

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Abstract

To investigate the water film depth (WFD) of super-multi-lane (SML) pavement and its effect on tire-pavement surface interaction, a rainfall-runoff model of SML pavement was developed, and the influence of the number of lanes and pavement slopes was analyzed. Based on the realistic texture of pavement surface, a tire-pavement surface-water film coupling model was established. The contact characteristics between the tire and the pavement surface, as well as the critical hydroplaning speeds under different WFDs, were analyzed. The results show that the WFD of the pavement increases significantly with the increase in lane number. Pavement expanding from three to five lanes in a single direction has the largest increase of the WFD, while the increment decreases as the number of lanes further increases. Increasing the transverse slope from 1.5% to 2.0% results in the most obvious decrease in the WFD. Moreover, increasing the longitudinal pavement slope to 1.0%-2.0% significantly reduces the area of thick water film on the pavement surface. The higher WFD results in a more rapid decrease in the tire-pavement surface contact force as the vehicle speed rises, leading to a lower critical hydroplaning speed. The critical hydroplaning speed of the vehicle decreases by approximately 6 km/h for every 2 mm increase in the WFD.

Keywords

water film depth (WFD) / lane number / pavement slope / tire-pavement / critical hydroplaning speed

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Jun CHEN, Bing LIAO, Lailiang ZHOU, Zhenhai DONG, Xiufen SI, Yan ZHOU. Water film depth of super-multi-lane pavement and its effect on tire-pavement surface interaction. Journal of Southeast University (English Edition), 2026, 42 (2) : 233-239 DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-7985.2026.02.010

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